What are taxonomical aids? Give the importance of herbaria and museums. How are Botanical gardens and Zoological parks useful in conserving biodiversity?
Taxonomic studies of various species of plants, animals and other organisms are useful in agriculture, forestry, industry and in general in knowing our bio-resources and their diversity. ,
• Herbarium is a store house of collected plant specimens that are dried, pressed and preserved on sheets. Further, these sheets are arranged according to a universally accepted system of classification.
• The herbarium sheets carry a label providing information about date and place of collection, English, local and botanical names, family, collector's name, etc. Herbaria also serve as quick referral systems in taxonomical studies.
• Biological museums are generally set up in educational institutes such as schools and colleges. Museums have collections of preserved plant and animal specimens for study and reference. Specimens are preserved in the containers or jars in preservative solutions. Plant and animal specimens may also be preserved as dry specimens.
• Insects are preserved in insect boxes after collecting, killing and pinning. Larger animals like birds and mammals are usually stuffed and preserved. Museums often have collections of skeletons of animals too.
• Biodiversity conservation may be in-situ as well as ex -situ. However when there are situations where an animal and plant is endangered or threatened and need urgent measure to save it from extinction, ex-situ conservation is the desirable approach.
• In ex-situ conservation threatened animals and plants are taken out from natural habitat and placed in special place where they can be protected and given special care. Zoological park, botanical garden and wildlife safari park serve these purpose.
Some of the properties of tissues are not the constituents of its cells. Give three examples to support the statement.
Match the following and choose the correct option.
| A. | Family | (0 | tuberosum |
| B. | Kingdom | (ii) | Polymoniales |
| C. | Order | (iii) | Solarium |
| D. | Species | (iv) | Plantae |
| E. | Genus | (v) | Solanaceae |
Options:
(a) D—(i), C—(ii), E—(iii), B—(iv), A-(v)
(b) E—(i), D—(ii), B—(iii), A—(iv), C-
(d) E—(i), €—(ii), B—-(iii), A-(iv), D-(v)
Amoeba multiplies by mitotic cell division. Is this phenomena growth or reproduction? Explain.
Given below is the scientific name of mango. Identify the correctly written name.
Mangifera Indica Mangifera indica
Brassica compestris Linn
a. Give the common name of the plant.
b. What do the first two parts of the name denote?
c. Why are they written in italics?
d. What is the meaning of Linn written at the end of the name?
What is the similarity and dissimilarity between "whole moong daal"and "broken moong daal"in terms of respiration and growth? Based on these parameters classify them into living or nonliving?
Which is the largest botanical garden in the world? Name a few well known botanical gardens in India.
Try to collect all the currently accepted meanings for the word ‘species’. Discuss with your teacher the meaning of species in case of higher plants and animals on one hand, and bacteria on the other hand.
Linnaeus is considered as Father of Taxonomy. Name two other botanists known for their contribution to the field of plant taxonomy.
Can you identify the correct sequence of taxonomical categories?
(a) Species —> Order —> Phylum —> Kingdom
(b) Genus—) Species—> OrderKingdom
(c) Species —> Genus —>Order —> Phylum
Properties of cell organelles are not always found in the molecular constituents of cell organelles. Justify.
A ball of snow when rolled over snow increases in mass, volume and size. Is this comparable to growth as seen in living organisms? Why?
Define and understand the following terms:
(i) Phylum (ii) Class (iii) Family
(iv) Order (v) Genus
In a given habitat we have 20 plant species and 20 animal species. Should we call this as ‘diversity' or ‘biodiversity'? Justify your answer. –
Brinjal and potato belong to the same genus Solarium, but to two different species. What defines them as separate species?