Give two reasons why nichrome alloy is used for making the heating elements of electrical appliances.
Nichrome alloy is used for making the heating elements of electrical appliances because:
(i) nichrome has very high resistivity
(ii) nichrome does not undergo oxidation (or burn) easily even at high temperature.
(a) How many milliamperes are there in 1 ampere ?
(b) How many microamperes are there in 1 ampere ?
How many electrons are flowing per second past a point in a circuit in which there is a current of 5 amp ?
Keeping the potential difference constant, the resistance of a circuit is halved. By how much does the current change ?
Name the law which relates the current in a conductor to the potential difference across its ends.
Give two reasons why nichrome alloy is used for making the heating elements of electrical appliances.
A current of 5 amperes flows through a wire whose ends are at a potential difference of 3 volts. Calculate the resistance of the wire.
A wire that has resistance R is cut into two equal pieces. The two parts are joined in parallel. What is the resistance of the combination ?
Three resistors are connected as shown in the diagram.
Through the resistor 5 ohm, a current of 1 ampere is flowing,
(i) What is the current through the other two resistors ?
(ii) What is the p.d. across AB and across AC ?
(iii) What is the total resistance ?
What is the general name of the substances having infinitely high electrical resistance ?
Distinguish between good conductors, resistors and insulators. Name two good conductors, two resistors and two insulators.
How should the two resistances of 2 ohms each be connencted so as to produce an equivalent resistance of 1 ohm ?
How should the two resistances of 2 ohms each be connencted so as to produce an equivalent resistance of 1 ohm ?
For the circuit shown in the diagram below :
What is the value of :
(i) current through 6 Ωresistor ?
(ii) potential difference across 12 Ω resistor ?
The p.d. across a lamp is 12 V. How many joules of electrical energy are changed into heat and light when :
(a) a charge of 1 C passes through it ?
(b) a charge of 5 C passes through it ?
(c) a current of 2 A flows through it for 10 s ?
An electric heater is connected to the 230 V mains supply. A current of 8 A flows through the heater.
(a) How much charge flows around the circuit each second ?
(b) How much energy is transferred to the heater each second ?
How does the resistance of a wire vary with its :
(a) area of cross-section ?
(b) diameter ?
What do you understand by the term “electric potential” ? (or potential) at a point ? What is the unit of electric potential ?
A piece of wire of resistance 20 Ω is drawn out so that its length is increased to twice its original length. Calculate the resistance of the wire in the new situation.
Show how you would connect two 4 ohm resistors to produce a combined resistance of
(a) 2 ohms
(b) 8 ohms.
Two resistors, with resistances 5 Ω and 10 Ω respectively are to be connected to a battery of emf 6 V so as to obtain :
(i) minimum current flowing (ii) maximum current flowing
(a) How will you connect the resistances in each case ? .
(b) Calculate the strength of the total current in the circuit in the two cases.
How much work is done when one coulomb charge moves against a potential difference of 1 volt ?
(a) Name a device that helps to measure the potential difference across a conductor.
(b) How much energy is transferred by a 12 V power supply to each coulomb of charge which it moves around a circuit ?
Which of the following equation shows the correct relationship between electrical units ?
1 A = 1 C/s or 1 C = 1 A/s
Why should the resistance of :
(a) an ammeter be very small ?
(b) a voltmeter be very large ?
Keeping the resistance constant, the potential difference applied across the ends of a component is halved. By how much does the current change ?
(a) Define the unit of resistance (or Define the unit “ohm”).
What happens to the resistance as the conductor is made thinner ?
Keeping the potential difference constant, the resistance of a circuit is doubled. By how much does the current change ?
(a) Why do electricians wear rubber hand gloves while working with electricity ?
(b) What p.d. is needed to send a current of 6 A through an electrical appliance having a resistance of 40 Ω ?
(a) What is the ratio of potential difference and current known as ?
(b) The values of potential difference V applied across a resistor and the corresponding values of current I
flowing in the resistor are given below :
(c) Name the law which is illustrated by the above V-I graph.
(d) Write down the formula which states the relation between potential difference, current and resistance,
(e) The potential difference between the terminals of an electric iron is 240 V and the current is 5.0 A. What is the resistance of the electric iron ?
The graph between V and 1 for a conductor is a straight line passing through the origin.
Which law is illustrated by such a graph ?
What should remain constant in a statement of this law ?
A p.d. of 10 V is needed to make a current of 0.02 A flow through a wire. What p.d. is needed to make a current of 250 mA flow through the same wire ?
Why are the coils of electric irons and electric toasters made of an alloy rather than a pure metal ?
(a) Give two examples of substances which are good conductors of electricity. Why do you think they are
good conductors of electricity ?
Calculate the resistance of a copper wire 1.0 km long and 0.50 mm diameter if the resistivity of copper is 1.7 × 10-8 Ωm.
(a) Give one example to show how the resistance depends on the nature of material of the conductor.
(b) Calculate the resistance of an aluminium cable of length 10 km and diameter 2.0 mm if the resistivity of aluminium is 2.7 x 10-8Ωm.
What would be the effect on the resistance of a metal wire of :
(a) increasing its length ?
(b) increasing its diameter ?
(c) increasing its temperature ?
The electrical resistivities of four materials A, B, C and D are given below :
Which material is : (a) good conductor (b) resistor (c) insulator, and (d) semiconductor ?
Which of the following resistor arrangement, A or B, has the lower combined resistance ?
An electric bulb of resistance 20 Ω and a resistance wire of 4 Ω are connected in series with a 6 V battery. Draw the circuit diagram and calculate :
(a) total resistance of the circuit.
(b) current through the circuit.
(c) potential difference across the electric bulb.
(d) potential difference across the resistance wire.
