(a) In which direction does conventional current flow around a circuit ?
(b) In which direction do electrons flow ?
(a) Conventional current flows from positive terminal of a battery to the negative terminal, through the outer circuit.
(b) Electrons flow from negative terminal to positive terminal of the battery (opposite to the direction of conventional current).
What is an ammeter ? How is it connected in a circuit ? Draw a diagram to illustrate your answer.
How does the resistance of a wire change when :
(i) its length is tripled ?
(ii) its diameter is tripled ?
(in) its material is changed to one whose resistivity is three times ?
A current of 4 A flows around a circuit for 10 s. How much charge flows past a point in the circuit in this time ?
Keeping the resistance constant, the potential difference applied across the ends of a component is halved. By how much does the current change ?
Fill in the following blanks with suitable words :
Resistance is measured in…………….. The resistance of a wire increases as the length…………………. ; as the
temperature………. ; and as the cross-sectional area…………
(a) Give two examples of substances which are good conductors of electricity. Why do you think they are
good conductors of electricity ?
Calculate the resistance of a copper wire 1.0 km long and 0.50 mm diameter if the resistivity of copper is 1.7 × 10-8 Ωm.
How does the resistance of a conductor depend on :
(a) length of the conductor ?
(b) area of cross-section of the conductor ?
(c) temperature of the conductor ?
What do you understand by the term “electric potential” ? (or potential) at a point ? What is the unit of electric potential ?
A current of 200 mA flows through a 4 kΩ resistor. What is the p.d. across the resistor ?
What is meant by conductors and insulators ? Give two examples of conductors and two of insulators.
The circuit diagram given below shows the combination of three resistors R1 R2 and R3 :
Find : (i) total resistance of the circuit.
(ii) total current flowing in the circuit.
(iii) the potential difference across R1.
Which of the following statements correctly defines a volt ?
(a) a volt is a joule per ampere.
(b) a volt is a joule per coulomb.
Which of the following equation shows the correct relationship between electrical units ?
1 A = 1 C/s or 1 C = 1 A/s
(a) What is an electric current ? What makes an electric current flow in a wire ?
(b) Define the unit of electric current (or Define ampere).
An electric heater is connected to the 230 V mains supply. A current of 8 A flows through the heater.
(a) How much charge flows around the circuit each second ?
(b) How much energy is transferred to the heater each second ?
A potential difference of 20 volts is applied across the ends of a resistance of 5 ohms. What current will flow in the resistance ?
Fill in the following blank with a suitable word :
Ohm’s law states a relation between potential difference and……………………
The graph between V and 1 for a conductor is a straight line passing through the origin.
Which law is illustrated by such a graph ?
What should remain constant in a statement of this law ?
How does the resistance of a wire vary with its :
(a) area of cross-section ?
(b) diameter ?
The electrical resistivities of three materials P, Q and R are given below :
Which material will you use for making (a) electric wires (b) handle for soldering iron, and (c) solar cells ? Give reasons for your choices.
The electrical resistivities of four materials A, B, C and D are given below :
Which material is : (a) good conductor (b) resistor (c) insulator, and (d) semiconductor ?
If five resistances, each of value 0.2 ohm, are connected in series, what will be the resultant resistance ?
An electric bulb of resistance 20 Ω and a resistance wire of 4 Ω are connected in series with a 6 V battery. Draw the circuit diagram and calculate :
(a) total resistance of the circuit.
(b) current through the circuit.
(c) potential difference across the electric bulb.
(d) potential difference across the resistance wire.
A piece of wire of resistance 20 Ω is drawn out so that its length is increased to twice its original length. Calculate the resistance of the wire in the new situation.
Fill in the following blanks with suitable words :
(a) A current is a flow of……….. For this to happen there must be a………….
(b) Current is measured in……… using an………… placed in……… in a circuit.
Name the law which relates the current in a conductor to the potential difference across its ends.
How should the two resistances of 2 ohms each be connencted so as to produce an equivalent resistance of 1 ohm ?
A current of 5 amperes flows through a wire whose ends are at a potential difference of 3 volts. Calculate the resistance of the wire.
(a) Write down an expression for the resistance of a metallic wire in terms of the resistivity.
What will be the resistance of a metal wire of length 2 metres and area of cross-section 1.55 × 10-6 m2, if the resistivity of the metal be 2.8 × 10-8 Ωm ?
If 3 resistances of 3 ohm each are connected in parallel, what will be their total resistance ?
How should the two resistances of 2 ohms each be connencted so as to produce an equivalent resistance of 1 ohm ?
Two resistances X and Y are connected turn by turn : (i) in parallel, and (ii) in series. In which case the resultant resistance will be less than either of the individual resistances ?
