Why did the European employers find it difficult to recruit labour in Africa ? Give two methods they used to recruit and retain labour. [CBSE 2011)
Or
Why was there a shortage of labour willing to work for wages in Africa in the 1890s ? How did Europeans try to recruit and retain labour ? Explain any two methods. [CBSE 2012]
Or
What methods were used by the European employers to recruit and retain the African labourers ?
The European employers found it difficult to recruit labour in Africa because historically. Africa had abundant land and a relatively small population. For centuries, land and livestock sustained African livelihood and people rarely worked for wages.
Methods to recruit and retain labour :
(i) Heavy taxes : Tile colonial government started imposing heavy taxes which could be paid only by working for wages on plantations and mines.
(ii) New inheritance laws : Inheritance laws were changed so that the peasants were displaced from land: only one member of a family was allowed to inherit land, others were pushed into the labour market
(iii) Restriction on movement : Miners were also enclosed in compounds, and were not allowed to move about freely.
Define the term ‘Trade Surplus’. How was the income received from trade surplus with India used by Britain? [CBSE 2010, 2012, 2011]
Name the economist who thought that India gold exports during the Great Depression of 1929 promoted global economic recovery.
Highlight three main features of life of African people before the coming of Europeans. [CBSE 2013]
Name any two countries which became major supplier of wheat during the First World War.
Explain how the global transfer of disease in the pre-modern world helped in the colonisation of the Americas.
Explain the impact of the First World War on Britain.
Or
How did the First World War change the economic life of the people in Britain ? Explain. [CBSE 2008 (D)]
Or
Describe in brief the world economic conditions of the post First World War period. [CBSE 2010 (D), Sept. 2012, 2013]
What were the main sources of attraction for Europeans to come to Africa in the late nineteenth century ? How did they exploit their resources ? [CBSE 2010 (F)]
‘The First World War was modern industrial war’. Explain.
Or
Explain how the First World War was so horrible a war like none other before. [CBSE 2010 (0)]
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How far is it correct to say that "The First World Wax was the First modem industrial war”? Explain. [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Name the disease which had terrifying impact on people's livelihoods and local economy of Africa during 1890's.
How was the income received from trade surplus with India used by Britain ? [CBSE 2008 (D)]
"European conquests produced many painful economic, social and ecological changes through which the colonised societies were brought into the world economy."Explain. [CBSE 2015]
What was the impact of the spread of rinderpest or the cattle plague on the African people ? Explain. [CBSE 2009 (O)]
Or
How did rinderpest change .the economy of the African society ? [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]
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Explain the social impact of introduction of rinderpest in Africa.
Or
Describe briefly the effects of rinderpest in Africa in the 1890's. [CBSE Sept. 2011, 2012, 2014]
India played a crucial role in the late 19th century world economy”. Explain. [CBSE 2014]
What was mass production? Explain its impact on the world economy of earlier 20th century.
Write any three factors responsible for indentured labour migration from India. [CBSE Sept. 2010. 2013]
Why China and other Asian countries became attractive destination for investment by foreign MNC's ?
Explain the social and economic impacts of the First World War. Suggest any two ways to save the world from the Third World War.
Or
"The First World War was mainly fought in Europe but its impact was felt around the world."Explain by giving examples.
Or
What was the impact of the First World War on the socio-economic conditions of the world ? Write four points. [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011]
Give two examples of different types of global exchanges which took place before the 17th century, choosing one example from Asia, and one from the America.
By 1890, a global agricultural economy had taken shape.' Explain by giving example.
Or
Describe any three changes in the global agricultural economy after 1890. [CBSE 2014]
What do you know about the Great Depression ? Explain the major factors responsible for the Great Depression. [CBSE 2008 (F), Sept. 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013]