Explain the three types of movements or flows within international economic exchange. Find one example of each type of flow which involved India and Indians, and write a short account of it.
Historically, fine cottons produced in India were exported to Europe. With industrialisation, British cotton manufacture began to expand, and industrialists pressurised the government to restrict cotton imports and protect local industries. Tariffs were imposed on cloth imports into Britain. Consequently, the inflow of fine Indian cotton began to decline.
Indigo used for dyeing cloth was another important export for many decades. Opium shipments to China grew rapidly from the 1820s to become, for a while, India's single largest export. Britain grew opium in India and exported it to China and, with the money earned through this sale, it financed its tea and other imports from China.
Over the nineteenth century, food grain and raw material exports from India to Britain and the rest of the world increased. But the value of British exports to India was much higher than the value of British imports from India.
Thus Britain had a trade surplus' with India. Britain used this surplus to balance its trade deficits with other countries. By helping Britain balance its deficits, India played a crucial role in the late-nineteenth-century world economy.
Write any three factors responsible for indentured labour migration from India. [CBSE Sept. 2010. 2013]
Name any two Indian groups of bankers who financed export agriculture in Central and South-east Asia.
"Food offers many examples of long distance cultural exchange."Explain. [CBSE Sept. 2011]
Or
Assess with examples the contribution of food to the process of globalisation of the early periods. [CBSE 2012]
Give three examples to show that the world changed with the discovery of new sea routes to America. [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011, 2012]
‘The First World War was modern industrial war’. Explain.
Or
Explain how the First World War was so horrible a war like none other before. [CBSE 2010 (0)]
Or
How far is it correct to say that "The First World Wax was the First modem industrial war”? Explain. [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Explain the impact of the Great Depression on the Indian economy. [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2014]
Or
Explain the impact of the Great Depression on Indian farmers in the early twentieth century. [CBSE 2009 (F), Sept. 2012]
Why thousands of people fled Europe for America in the 19th century ?
Or
Why did thousands of people flee away from Europe to America in the 19th century ? Give any three reasons. [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Before the arrival of outsiders most of the Africans had a little reason to work for a wage’. Give reasons.
How was the income received from trade surplus with India used by Britain ? [CBSE 2008 (D)]
Name the economist who thought that India gold exports during the Great Depression of 1929 promoted global economic recovery.
Name any two world institutions which were established under the Bretton Woods. Also mention one objective of each. [CBSE 2014]
What do you know about the Great Depression ? Explain the major factors responsible for the Great Depression. [CBSE 2008 (F), Sept. 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013]
Highlight three main features of life of African people before the coming of Europeans. [CBSE 2013]
India played a crucial role in the late 19th century world economy”. Explain. [CBSE 2014]
What is difference between international momentary system and the Bretton Woods system?
Give two examples of different types of global exchanges which took place before the seventeenth century, choosing one example from Asia and one from the Americas.
What is NIF.O ?
Or
Why did Group 77 countries demand a New International Economic Order ? Explain. [CBSE 2009 (D). Sept, 2010]
Or
Why did most of the developing countries organise themselves as a group the Group of 77 (G-77) ? [CBSE 2012)
Mention any two factors which were responsible for price rise of food grains in Britain in the late 18th century.
Name the disease which had terrifying impact on people's livelihoods and local economy of Africa during 1890's.
Name any two countries which became major supplier of wheat during the First World War.
"European conquests produced many painful economic, social and ecological changes through which the colonised societies were brought into the world economy."Explain. [CBSE 2015]
Why were the Corn Laws scrapped ? Explain any three reasons.[CBSE Comp. (D) 2008, 2009 (F), Sept. 2011]