Civics

Gender, Religion and Caste

Question:

Explain the different aspects of life in which women are discriminated or disadvantaged in India. [CBSE 2008 (D), Sept. 2010, 2012]
Or
How women in India still face discrimination and oppression in various ways ? Explain. [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Or
In our country, women still lag much behind than men despite some improvements since independence. Justify this statement by giving four reasons. [CBSE Sept. 2010]

Answer:

(i) Literacy rate : The literacy rate among women is only 65.46 (2011 census) per cent as compared to 82.14 (2011 census) per cent among men. Similarly, a smaller proportion of girl students go for higher studies because parents prefer to spend their resources for their boys education than spending equally on their daughters.
(ii) Unpaid work : The proportion of women among the highly paid and valued jobs is still very small. Though on an average, the Indian woman works one hour more than an average man everyday, but most of them are not paid equally and therefore, their work is often not valued.
(iii) Sex ratio : In many parts of India, parents prefer to have sons, and find ways to have the girl child aborted before she is born. This has led to a decline in the child sex ratio (the number of girl children per thousand boys) in the country is merely 940.
(iv) Domestic violence : There are reports of various kinds of harassment, exploitation and violence against women. Both urban as well as rural areas have become unsafe , for women. They are not safe even within their own homes from beating and other forms of domestic violence.

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Gender, Religion and Caste

Q 1.

What is literacy rate among men and women in India ?

Q 2.

Write the appropriate term :
(i) A person who says that religion is the principal basis of community.
(ii) A person who believes in equal rights and opportunities for women and men.

Q 3.

Political mobilisation on religious line is frequent form of communalism'. Explain.

Q 4.

Mention any two provisions of Indian Constitution which makes India a secular state.

Q 5.

The most common expression of commu- nalism is in every-day beliefs'. Explain.

Q 6.

What is casteism ? How is casteism in India different as compared to other societies ?
Or
Describe any five features of the caste system prevailing in India. [CBSE 2012]

Q 7.

What is a secular state ? [CBSE 2014]

Q 8.

Who said, "Religion can never be separted from politics ?"

Q 9.

What are family laws ? [CBSE 2014]

Q 10.

Discuss the sexual division of labour. Do you think sexual division of labour is a right phenomenon ?
Or
Explain the sexual division of labour. [CBSE 2013]
Or
What do you mean by sexual division of Labour ? [CBSE 2013]

Q 11.

Mention any two basis of social division in India.

Q 12.

What is sex ratio of India ?

Q 13.

What is communalism ?

Q 14.

Why was model of Secular State chosen for India ? Explain. [CBSE 2014]

Q 15.

Write the appropriate term :
(i) A person, who says that religion is the principal basis of community.
(ii) A person, who believes in equal rights and opportunities for women and men.
(iii) A person who does not discriminate other on the basis of religious beliefs.

Q 16.

Caste has not still disappeared from contemporary India”. Give any three examples to justify the statement. [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2012]

Q 17.

What were Gandhiji's views regarding religion and politics ? Explain.

Q 18.

Name the movements which agitate for women's rights. How have these movements helped in improving women's conditions ?

Q 19.

What are feminist movements ? [CBSE 2014]

Q 20.

What were Gandhiji's views regarding religion and politics ?

Q 21.

What is the population percentage of Scheduled castes according to 2001 census? [CBSE 2012]

Q 22.

Suggest any two ways to break caste hierarchy.

Q 23.

Mention any four steps which can be undertaken to improve the women's representation in politics.
Or
Suggest any three steps to improve the women's participation in politics. [CBSE Sept. 2010]

Q 24.

Define sex ratio.

Q 25.

Name any four social reformers who advocated and worked to establish a society in which caste inequalities are absent.

Q 26.

Mention any one provision in the Indian Constitution which makes India a secular state.

Q 27.

Explain with examples, .the increasing role of women in public life. What lessons you have learnt from this ?  [CBSE Comp. (D) 2008]

Q 28.

What forms can caste take in politics ?
Or
Explain any four forms of casteism in Indian Politics. [CBSE 2009 (D), 2010(0)]
Or
Explain the role of caste in Indian politics. [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Or
Explain any three forms of caste politics in India. [CBSE Sept. 2010]

Q 29.

Name any two countries in which the participation of woman in public life is very high.

Q 30.

How do social divisions affect politics ? Explain with examples. [CBSE 2009 (D), Sept. 2010, 2011, 14]

Q 31.

What are Feminist Movements? What were their major demands ? [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2012]
Or
What was the Feminist Movement ? Explain the political demands of the Feminist Movement in India. [CBSE 2013]

Q 32.

What is the basis of communal politics ?

Q 33.

What do you mean by sexual division of labour ?

Q 34.

How can religion influence politics ? Explain.

Q 35.

What is casteism ? How is casteism in India different as compared to other societies ?
Or
Describe any five features of the caste system prevailing in India. [CBSE 2012]

Q 36.

State any four provisions of the Indian Constitution which makes it a secular state. [CBSE Sept. 2010, 2011, 2012]

Q 37.

Explain the various forms that communalism can take in politics. [CBSE Sept. 2011, 2012]
Or
What is communalism ? Explain the various forms that communalism take in politics. [CBSE 2013]
Or
Explain the main features of Communalism. What form does it take in politics ? [CBSE 2013]
Or
What is communalism ? How is communalism a hinderance in the functioning of our democracy ? Explain. [CBSE 2012]

Q 38.

How does the Constitution of India ensure secularism ? [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Or
Mention constitutional provisions that make India a secular state. [CBSE 2013]
Or
What is a secular state ? How does the Constitution of India ensure that India remains a secular state ? [CBSE 2012]

Q 39.

"In India women's political representation is very low". Justify.
Or
Explain the need for more representation for women as elected representatives. How can it be achieved ?
Or
What is the status of women representation in India's legislative bodies ? [CBSE 2013]

Q 40.

Politics too influences the caste system.' Explain.
Or
In what ways does politics influence caste system ? [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Or
How caste is politicised ? Explain any three points. [CBSE Sept. 2010]

Q 41.

Why is the idea of communal politics fundamentally flawed ?

Q 42.

What is communal politics ? Explain.
Or
When does the communal problem become acute ?

Q 43.

Mention any positive role of caste in politics.
Or
Describe the positive and negative aspects of relationship between caste and politics [CBSE 2013, 14]

Q 44.

What is patriarchal society ?

Q 45.

Mention any positive role of caste in politics.
Or
Describe the positive and negative aspects of relationship between caste and politics [CBSE 2013, 14]

Q 46.

What is Equal Wages Act ?

Q 47.

Explain the relationship between religion and politics.
Or
How are religious differences expressed in politics ? [CBSE Sept. 2011]

Q 48.

"There is urgent need to combat communalism". Explain. [CBSE 2014]

Q 49.

Political mobilisation on religious lines is a frequent form of communalism.' Explain.

Q 50.

What is communalism ? What are the major beliefs of communal people ?