Describe in brief the function of kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra.
The Kidneys filter the blood and concentrate the filtrate to make urine. They also help regulate blood pressure.
Ureters transport the urine to the urinary bladder.
Urinary bladder is like a holding tank for the urine until it's ready to be excreted. Urethra is the tube that connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body for excretion.
What are the different ways in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy in various organisms ? Give one example of each.
State the role of the following in human digestive system :
(i) Digestive enzymes (ii) Hydrochloric acid (iii) Villi
(a) How does carbon dioxide from the air enter the leaves of a plant to be used in photosynthesis ?
(b) How does water from the soil reach the leaves of a plant to be used in photosynthesis ?
Name the substance whose build up in the muscles during vigorous physical exercise may cause cramps.
Name the type of respiration in which the end products are :
(a) C2H,OH and C02
(b) C02 and H20
(c) Lactic acid
Give one example of each case where such a respiration can occur.
What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? Name some organisms that use the anaerobic mode of respiration.
(a) Draw a labelled diagram of the respiratory system of human beings with diaphragm at the end of expiration.
(b) List four conditions required for efficient gas exchange in an organism.
a) Leaves of a healthy potted plant were coated with vaseline to block the stomata. Will this plant remain healthy for long? State three reasons for your answer.
(b) State any two differences between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition.
Name the intermediate and the end products of glucose breakdown in aerobic respiration.
Name the component of blood that helps in the formation of blood clot in the event of a cut.
Which of the following type of energy is used by living organisms to perform vital life processes ?
Kinetic energy, Chemical energy, Potential energy, Nuclear energy
Name the following :
(a) The process in plants which converts light energy into chemical energy.
(b) Organisms that cannot prepare their own food.
(c) Organisms that can prepare their own food.
(d) The cell organelle where photosynthesis occurs.
(e) The cells which surround a stomatal pore.
(f) An enzyme secreted by gastric glands in stomach which acts on proteins.
What is the name of the extensions of the epidermal cells of a root which help in respiration ?
(a) Explain how, the air we breathe in gets cleaned while passing through the nasal passage.
(b) Why do the walls of trachea not collapse when there is less air in it ?
(c) How are oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged in our body during respiration ?
(d) How are lungs designed in human beings to maximise the exchange of gases ?
A Give one reason why multicellular organisms require special organs for exchange of gases between their body and their environment. :
In the experiment "Light is essential for photosynthesis", why does the uncovered part of the leaf turn blue-black after putting iodine solution?
Apart from sunlight and chlorophyll, what other things are required to make food by photosynthesis ?
What is the name of the opening in the human body through which undigested food is thrown out ?