Question:
Draw a diagram of human excretory system and label renal artery and urethra.
State in brief the function of :
- renal artery
- kidney
- ureter
- urinary bladder
Answer:
- Renal artery: The renal artery carries blood to the kidneys from the abdominal aorta. This blood comes directly from the heart and is sent to the-kidneys to be filtered before it passes through the rest of the body. Up to one-third of the total cardiac output per heartbeat is sent to the renal arteries to be filtered by the kidneys. Each kidney has one renal artery that supplies it with blood. The filtered blood then can exit the renal vein.
- Kidney: The kidneys perform the essential function of removing waste products from the blood and regulating the water fluid levels. The kidneys regulate the body's fluid volume, mineral composition and acidity by excreting and reabsorbing water and inorganic electrolytes.
- Ureter: The ureter is a tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.’ There are two ureters, one attached to each kidney.
- Urinary bladder: The urinary bladder is an expandable muscular sac that stores urine before it is excreted out of the body through the urethra.
Life Processes
Q 1.
(a) Name the pigment in leaves which absorbs sunlight energy.
(b) What is the colour of this pigment ?
Q 2.
Name the green dot like structures in some cells observed by a student when a leaf peel was viewed under a microscope. What is this green colour due to?
Q 3.
What is the name of those cells in the leaf of a plant which control the opening and closing of stomata?
Q 4.
Name the parts of the digestive system of a grasshopper.
Q 5.
What will happen if mucus is not secreted by the gastric glands?
Q 6.
What are enzymes? Name any one enzyme of our digestive system and write its function.
Q 7.
Name the enzyme present in human saliva. What type of food material is digested by this enzyme ?
Q 8.
Where is digested food absorbed into blood in human body ?
Q 9.
What is the mode of nutrition in fungi?
Q 11.
Which part of the roots is involved in exchange of respiratory gases?
Q 12.
Why is transpiration important for plants?
Q 13.
Explain the process of nutrition in Amoeba.
Q 14.
In addition to carbon dioxide and water, state two other conditions necessary for the process of photosynthesis to take place.
Q 15.
Apart from sunlight and chlorophyll, what other things are required to make food by photosynthesis ?
Q 16.
Name the green pigment present in the leaves of a plant.
Q 17.
What are the functions of liver and pancreas in the human digestive system ?
Q 18.
Name the following :
(a) The process in plants which converts light energy into chemical energy.
(b) Organisms that cannot prepare their own food.
(c) Organisms that can prepare their own food.
(d) The cell organelle where photosynthesis occurs.
(e) The cells which surround a stomatal pore.
(f) An enzyme secreted by gastric glands in stomach which acts on proteins.
Q 19.
Define nutrition? What are the different modes of nutrition?
Q 20.
Name the two stages in photosynthesis.
Q 21.
What are the living organisms that cannot make their own food called?
Q 22.
What is the significance of emulsification of fats?
Q 23.
Why does absorption of digested food occur mainly in the small intestine?
Q 24.
Name the energy currency in the living organisms. When and where is it produced?
Q 25.
Mention the raw materials required for photosynthesis.
Q 26.
Draw a neat diagram of excretory system of human beings and label the following:
(i) Kidney
(ii) Ureter
(iii) Urinary Bladder
(iv) Urethra
Q 27.
In the experiment "Light is essential for photosynthesis", why does the uncovered part of the leaf turn blue-black after putting iodine solution?
Q 28.
Which of the following is an autotroph ? Green plant or Man
Q 29.
(a) Name a gas used in photosynthesis.
(b) Name a gas produced in photosynthesis.
Q 30.
Why do we boil the leaf in alcohol when we are testing it for starch ?
Q 31.
Name an animal whose process of obtaining food is called phagocytosis.
Q 32.
What substances enter into the food vacuole in Amoeba to break down the food ?
Q 33.
What is the name of tiny projections on the inner surface of small intestine which help in absorbing the digested food ?
Q 34.
a) How do plants obtain food ?
(b) Why do plants need nitrogen ? How do plants obtain nitrogen ?
Q 35.
(a) What is the role of hydrochloric acid in our stomach ?
(b) What is the function of enzymes in the human digestive system ?
Q 36.
(a) Which part of the body secretes bile ? Where is bile stored ? What is the function of bile ?
(b) What is trypsin ? What is its function ?
Q 37.
(a) Name the main organs of the human digestive system. Also name the associated glands.
(b) How do carbohydrates, fats and proteins get digested in human beings ?
Q 38.
Name one substance which is produced in anaerobic respiration by an organism but not in aerobic respiration.
Q 39.
Explain why, when air is taken in and let out during breathing, the lungs always contain a residual volume of air.
Q 40.
What would be the consequences of deficiency of haemoglobin in our bodies ?
Q 41.
Explain why, plants have low energy needs as compared to animals.
Q 42.
From where do the following take in oxygen?
(i) prawn (ii) rat.
Solution:
Q 43.
State the function of epiglottis.
Q 44.
What is compensation point?
Q 45.
What are the functions of gastric glands present in the wall of the stomach?
Q 46.
Write correct sequence of four steps of method for the preparation of temporary mount of a stained leaf peel.
Q 47.
List the three kinds of blood vessels of human circulatory system and write ¦ their functions in tabular form.
Q 48.
What is saliva? State its role in the digestion of food.
Q 49.
Name two excretory products other than 02 and CO2 in plants.
Q 50.
a) Leaves of a healthy potted plant were coated with vaseline to block the stomata. Will this plant remain healthy for long? State three reasons for your answer.
(b) State any two differences between autotrophic nutrition and heterotrophic nutrition.
