History

Eighteenth-Century Political Formations

Question:

Under whose leadership the Jats became powerful?

Answer:

The Jats became powerful under the leadership of churaman.

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Eighteenth-Century Political Formations

Q 1.

Why was his ambition not fulfilled?

Q 2.

Which parts of India were associated with peasant and zamindari rebellions?

Q 3.

Divide the states of the eighteenth century into three overlapping groups.

Q 4.

Who was Shivaji?

Q 5.

What was the effect of Aurangzeb's long war in the Deccan? [V. Imp.]

Q 6.

Where did Sawai Raja Jai Singh found his new capital?

Q 7.

Do you think merchants and bankers today have the kind of influence they had in the eighteenth century?

Q 8.

Did any of the Kingdoms mentioned in this chapter develop in your state? If so, in what ways do you think life in the state would have been different in the eighteenth century from what, it is in the twenty-first century?

Q 9.

What was chauth? [V. Imp.]

Q 10.

State whether true or false:
(a) Nadir Shah invaded Bengal.
(b) Sawai Raja Jai Singh was the ruler of Indore.
(c) Guru Gobind Singh was the tenth Guru of the Sikhs.
(d)  Poona became the capital of the Marathas in the eighteenth century.

Q 11.

What was the geographical and economic importance of Awadh? [V. Imp.]

Q 12.

What were the offices held by Sa'adat Khan?

Q 13.

Name the new social groups that developed in Awadh to influence the management of the state's revenue system ?

Q 14.

Why did the Nawab of Awadh and Bengal try to do away with the jagirdari system?

Q 15.

Why did the Marathas want to expand beyond the Deccan?

Q 16.

Give an account of the Maratha expansion occurred between 1720 and 1761.

Q 17.

What was sardeshmukhi? [V. Imp.]

Q 18.

What were the policies adopted by Asaf Jah to Strengthen his position?

Q 19.

Fill in the blanks:
(a) Aurangzeb fought a protracted war in the …………………
(b) Umaraand jagirdarsconstituted powerful sections of the Mughal
(c) Asaf Jah founded the Hyderabad state in ………………….
(d)  The founder of the Awadh state was ………………..

Q 20.

How did the later Mughal emperors lose their control over their nobles? [V. Imp.]

Q 21.

Name the three states that were carved out of the old Mughal provinces in the 18th century. [Imp.]

Q 22.

How did Burhan-ul-Mulk reduce Mughal influence in the Awadh region? [V. Imp.]

Q 23.

How were peasant-pastoralists important for Shivaji? [V- Imp.]

Q 24.

How did moneylenders and bakers achieve influential position in the state of Awadh? [V. Imp.]
Or
Describe the close connection between the state of Awadh and bankers.

Q 25.

What was the ambition of the Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah?

Q 26.

How did Murshid Quli Khan become powerful in Bengal?

Q 27.

Describe the impact of Nadir Shah's invasion upon Delhi. [V. Imp.]

Q 28.

Match the following
subadar                         – a revenue farmer
faujdar                            – a high noble
ijaradar                         – provincial governor
misl                                   – Maratha peasant warriors
chauth                            – a Mughal military commander
kunbis                         – A band of Sikh warriors
umara                          – tax levied by the Marathas

Q 29.

Why was a system called rakhi introduced?

Q 30.

Describe the three common features of the states like Awadh, Bengal and Hyderabad.
Or
What common features were shared by these three states—Awadh, Bengal and Hyderabad?                      [V. Imp.]

Q 31.

Why did zamindars of Bengal borrow money from bankers and moneylenders?

Q 32.

Under whose leadership the Jats became powerful?

Q 33.

The Mughal Empire had to face a variety of crises towards the closing years of the 17th century. What were the causes behind it?
 Or
What were the causes of the fad of the Mughal Empire?     [V. Imp.]

Q 34.

How were the Sikhs organised in the eighteenth century?