Biology

Evolution

Question:

What is the most important pre-condition for adaptive radiation?

Answer:

Pre-existing variations are the most important pre-condition for adaptive radiation.

previuos
next

Evolution

Q 1.

Name the law that states that the sum of allelic frequencies in a population remains constant. What are the five factors that influence these values?

Q 2.

Give an example for convergent evolution and identify the features towards which they are converging.

Q 3.

By what Latin name the first hominid was known?

Q 4.

Among the five factors that are known to affect Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, ‘ three factors are gene flow, genetic drift and genetic recombination. What are the other two factors?

Q 5.

What are we referring to? When we say simple organisms' or complex organisms'.

Q 6.

When we say "survival of the fittest", does it mean that
a. those which are fit only survive, or
b. those that survive are called fit? Comment.

Q 7.

How do we compute the age of a fossil?

Q 8.

Did aquatic life forms get fossilised? If, yes where do we come across such fossils?

Q 9.

How do we compute the age of.a rock?

Q 10.

Find out from newspapers and popular science articles any new fossil discoveries or controversies about evolution.

Q 11.

Describe one example of adaptive radiation.

Q 12.

How do you express the meaning of words like race, breed, cultivars or variety?

Q 13.

While creation and presence of variation is direction less, natural selection is directional as it is in the context of adaptation. Comment.

Q 14.

Attempt giving a clear definition of the term species.

Q 15.

Practise drawing various animals and plants.

Q 16.

Using various resources such as your school library or the internet and discussions with your teacher, trace the evolutionary stages of any one animal say horse.

Q 17.

The evolutionary story of moths in England during industrialisation reveals, that evolution is apparently reversible'. Clarify this statement.

Q 18.

What were the characteristics of life forms that had been fossilised?

Q 19.

What is the most important pre-condition for adaptive radiation?

Q 20.

Gene flow occurs through generations. Gene flow can occur across language barriers in humans. If we have a technique of measuring specific allele frequencies in different population of the world, can we not predict human migratory patterns in pre-history and history? Do you agree or disagree? Provide explanation to your answer.

Q 21.

In a certain population, the frequency of three genotypes is as follows:
Genotypes: BB, Bbbb
Frequency: 22%, 62%, 16%
What is the likely frequency of B and b alleles?

Q 22.

Why is nascent oxygen supported to be toxic to aerobic life forms?

Q 23.

When we talk of functional macro-molecules (e.g., proteins as enzymes, hormones, receptors, antibodies etc.), towards what are they evolving?

Q 24.

How do we compute the age of a living tree?

Q 25.

You have studied the story of Pepper moths in England. Had the industries been removed, what impact could it have on the moth population? Discuss.

Q 26.

Louis Pasteur's experiments, if you recall, proved that life can arise from only pre-existing life. Can we correct this as life evolves from pre-existent life or otherwise we will never answer the question as to how the first forms of life arose? Comment.

Q 27.

"Migration may enhance or blur the effects of selection". Comment.

Q 28.

Explain divergent evolution in detail. What is the driving force behind it?

Q 29.

What is founder effect?

Q 30.

State and explain any three factors affecting allele frequency in populations.

Q 31.

List 10 modern-day animals and using the” internet resources link it to a corresponding ancient fossil. Name both.

Q 32.

Who among the Dryopithecus and Ramapithecus was more man-like?

Q 33.

Two organisms occupying a particular geographical area (say desert) show similar adaptive strategies. Taking examples, describe the phenomenon.

Q 34.

What are the key concepts in the evolution theory of Darwin?

Q 35.

Among Ramapithecus, Australopithecus and Homo habilis, who probably did not eat meat?

Q 36.

Find out through internet and popular science articles whether animals other than man has self-consciousness.

Q 37.

Enumerate three most characteristic criteria for designating a Mendelian population.

Q 38.

The scientists believe that evolution is gradual. But extinction, part of evolutionary story, are sudden' and abrupt' and also group-specific. Comment whether a natural disaster can be the cause for extinction of species.

Q 39.

Try to trace the various components of human evolution (hint: brain size and function, skeletal structure, dietary preference, etc.)

Q 40.

Had Darwin been aware of Mendel's work, would he been able to explain the origin of variations. Discuss.

Q 41.

Explain antibiotic, resistance observed in bacteria in light of Darwinian selection theory.

Q 42.

We are told that evolution is a continuing phenomenon for all living things. Are humans also evolving? Justify your answer.

Q 43.

Comment on the statement that "evolution and natural selection are end result or consequence of some other processes but themselves are not processes".

Q 44.

Can we call human evolution as adaptive radiation?