Justify the statement, “Mitochondria are power houses of the cell”.
Mitochondria are cell organelles of aerobic eukaryotes which take part in oxidative phosphorylation and Krebs cycle of aerobic respiration. They are called power houses of cell because they are the major centres of release of energy in the aerobic respiration.
Mitochondria are miniature biochemical factories where food stuffs or respiratory substances are completely oxidised to carbon dioxide and water. The energy liberated in the process is initially stored in the form of reduced coenzymes and reduced prosthetic groups. The latter soon undergo oxidation and form energy rich ATR ATP comes out of mitochondria and helps to perform various energy requiring processes of the cell like musclecontraction, nerve impulse conduction, biosynthesis, membrane transport, cell division, movement etc. Because of the formation of ATP, the mitochondria are called power houses of the cell.
Give the biochemical composition of plasma membrane. How are lipid molecules arranged in the membrane?
The genomic content of the nucleus is constant for a given species where as the extra chromosomal DNA is found to be variable among the members of a population. Explain.
Are the different types of plastids interchangable? If yes, give examples where they are getting converted from one type to another.
Structure and function are correctable in living organisms. Can you justify this by taking plasma membrane as an example?
Are the different types of plastids interchangable? If yes, give examples where they are getting converted from one type to another.
Is there a species specific or region specific type of plastids? Flow does one distinguish one from the other?
Discuss briefly the role of nucleolus in the cells actively involved in protein synthesis.
Write the functions of the following
(a) Centromere (b) Cell wall
(c) Smooth ER (d) Golgi apparatus
(e) Centrioles
Is extra genomic DNA present in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? If yes, indicate their location in both the types of organisms.
Eukaryotic cells have organelles which may
(a) not be bound by a membrane
(b) bound by a single membrane
(c) bound by a double membrane
Group the various sub-cellular organelles into these three categories.
Briefly give the contributions of the following scientists in formulating the cell theory.
(a) Rudolf Virchow
(b) Schleiden and Schwann
Differentiate between Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER).