The stomatal pore is guarded by two kidney shaped guard cells. Name the epidermal cells surrounding the guard cells. How does a guard cell differ from an epidermal cell? Use a diagram to illustrate your answer.
The epidermal cells surrounding the guard cells of stomata are called subsidiary cells.
Differences between guard cells and epidermal cells are as follows:
Following are labelled diagrams of stomata with bean-shaped and dumb-bell shaped guard cells, also showing the surrounding epidermal cells.
Cork cambium forms tissues that form the cork. Do you agree with this statement? Explain.
Trunks of some of the aged tree species appear to be composed of several fused trunks. Is it a physiological or anatomical abnormality? Explain in detail.
Arrange the following in the sequence you would find them in a plant starting from the periphery – phellem, phellogen, phelloderm.
Protoxylem is the first formed xylem. If the protoxylem lies next to phloem what kind of arrangement of xylem would you call it?
The transverse section of a plant material shows the following anatomical features – (a) the vascular bundles are conjoint, scattered and surrounded by a sclerenchymatous bundle sheath, (b) phloem parenchyma is absent. What will you identify it as?
Match the following and choose the correct option from below.
| A. | Cuticle | (i) | Guard cells |
| B. | Bulliform cells | (ii) | Single layer |
| C. | Stomata | (iii) | Waxy layer |
| D. | Epidermis | (iv) | Empty colourless cell |
Options:
(a) A—(iii), B—(iv), C—(i), D—(ii)
(b) A—(i), B—(ii), C—(iii), D—(iv)
(c) A—(iii), B—(ii), C—(iv), D—(i)
(d) A—(iii), B—(ii), C—(i), D—(iv)
Trunks of some of the aged tree species appear to be composed of several fused trunks. Is it a physiological or anatomical abnormality? Explain in detail.
Match the following and choose the correct option from below.
| A. | Meristem | (i) | Photosynthesis, storage |
| B. | Parenchyma | (ii) | Mechanical support |
| C. | Collenchyma | (iii) | Actively dividing cells |
| D. | Sclerenchyma | (iv) | Stomata |
| E. | Epidermal tissue | (v) | Sclereids |
Options:
(a) A—(i), B—(iii), C—(v), D—(ii), E—(iv)
(b) A—(iii), B—(i), C—(ii), D—(v), E—(iv)
(c) A—(ii), B—(iv), C—(v), D—(i), E—(iii)
(d) A—(v), B—(iv), C—(iii), D—(ii), E—(i)
Cut a transverse section of young stem of a plant from your school garden and observe it under the microscope. How would you ascertain whether it is a monocot stem or a dicot stem ? Give reasons.
What is present on the surface of the leaves which helps the plant prevent loss of water but is absent in roots?
Below is a list of plant fibres. From which part of the plant these are obtained
a. Coir b. Hemp
c. Cotton d. Jute
Arrange the following in the sequence you would find them in a plant starting from the periphery—phellem, phellogen, phelloderm.
The cross-section of a plant material showed the following features when viewed under the microscope.
(a) The vascular bundles were radially arranged.
(b) Four xylem strands with exarch condition of protoxylem.
To which organ should it be assigned?
Arrange the following in the sequence you would find them in a plant starting from the periphery – phellem, phellogen, phelloderm.
While eating peach or pear it is usually seen that some stone like structures get entangled in the teeth, what are these stone like structures called?
While eating peach or pear it is usually seen that some stone like structures get entangled in the teeth, what are these stone like structures called?
Assume that a pencil box held in your hand, represents a plant cell. In how many possible planes can it be cut? Indicate these cuts with the help of line drawings.
Below is a list of plant fibres. From which part of the plant these are obtained?
(a) Coir
(b) Hemp
(c) Cotton
(d) Jute
Assume that a pencil box held in your hand, represents a plant cell. In how many possible planes can it be cut? Indicate these cuts with the help of line drawings.
What part of the plant would show the following?
a. Radial vascular bundle
b. Polyarch xylem
c. Well developed pith
Plants require water for their survival. But when watered excessively, plants die. Discuss.
Protoxylem is the first formed xylem. If the protoxylem lies next to phloem what kind of arrangement of xylem would you call it?
A transverse section of the trunk of a tree shows concentric rings which are known as growth rings. How are these rings formed? What is the significance of these rings?
Each of the following terms has some anatomical significance. What do these terms mean? Explain with the help of line diagrams.
a. Plasmadesmoses/Plasmodesmata
b. Middle lamella
c. Secondary wall
Protoxylem is the first formed xylem. If the protoxylem lies next to phloem what kind of arrangement of xylem would you call it?
The cross-section of a plant material showed the following features when viewed under the microscope.
a. The vascular bundles were radially arranged.
b. Four xylem strands with exarch condition of protoxylem.
To which organ should it be assigned?
Which part of the plant would show the following:
(a) Radial vascular bundle
(b) Polyarch xylem
(c) Well developed pith
What are the characteristic differences found in the vascular tissue of gymnosperms and angiosperms?