How was the Non-Cooperation Movement converted into a national movement by Gandhiji ?
(i) Hindu-Muslim Unity : Mahatma Gandhi felt the need to launch a more broad-based movement in India. He was certain that no such movement could be organized without bringing the Hindus and Muslims closer together.
(ii) Merging Khilafat issue with the movement : So to unite the both the communities he decided to take up the Khilafat issue. The First World War had ended with the defeat of Ottoman Turkey. And there were rumours that a harsh peace treaty was going to be imposed on Ottoman emperor – the spiritual head of the Islamic world (the Khalifa).
(iii) Talking to Muslim leaders : A young generation of Muslim leaders like the brothers Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali, began discussing with Mahatma Gandhi about the possibility of a united mass action on the issue. Gandhiji saw this an opportunity to bring Muslims under the umbrella of a unified national movement. At the Calcutta session of the Congress in September 1920, he convinced other leaders of the need to start a non-cooperation movement in support of Khilafat as well as for Swaraj.
What is meant by the idea of Satyagraha ?
Or
Explain the idea of Satyagraha according to Gandhiji. [CBSE 2014 (D)]
Imagine you are a woman participating in the Civil Disobedience Movement. Explain what the experience meant to your life.
Or
Women played a very important role in the Civil Disobedience Movement.' Explain.
(i) Why the Congress ignored the dalit's or oppressed for a long time ?
(ii) Name the national leader who declared that swaraj would not come for a hundred years if untou- chability was not eliminated.
Why did the poor peasants join the Civil Disobedience Movement ? Why did the relationship between the poor peasants and the Congress remain uncertain ? [CBSE 2014(D)]
What was the impact of the First World War on India ?[CBSE 2015]
Or
Explain new economic and political situations created in India during the First World War. [CBSE 2008 (O)]
Or
What was the impact of the First World War on the economic conditions in India ? [CBSE March 2011, 2013 (D)]
Why the rich peasants became enthusiastic supporters of the Civil Disobedience movement?
Name any two organisations which were formed by the business class to organise their business interests.
Describe briefly any three economic effects of the Non-Cooperation Movement. [CBSE 2009 (O)]
Why did the business class participate in the Civil Disobedience Movement ? [CBSE 2014(D)]
Name the Commission which was formed to look into the functioning of the constitu tional system in India. Who was the President of the Commission.
Why salt was chosen as a weapon by Gandhiji to fight against the Britishers ?
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Why did Mahatma Gandhi perceive “salt' as a powerful symbol that unite the nation? [CBSE March 2011]
What were the factors responsible for the gradual slow down of the Non Cooperation movement ? [CBSE 2008 (D), 2013 (D)]
Or
Why did the Non-Cooperation Movement gradually slow down in the cities ? Give reasons. [CBSE March 2011, 2014, 21015 (D)]
Explain the effects of “worldwide economic depression' on India, towards late 1920s. [CBSE2013 (O)]
Carefully study the given paragraph from your textbook and answer the questions that follows :
As the news of the Jallianwala Bagh spread, crowds took to the streets in many North Indian towns. There were strikes and clashes with the police and attacks on government buildings. The government responded with brutal repression, seeking to humiliate and terrorise people: Satyagrahis were forced to rub their noses on the ground, crawl on the streets, and do salaam (salute) to all sahibs ; people were flogged and villages (around Gujranwala in Punjab, now in Pakistan) were bombed. Seeing violence spread, Mahatma Gandhi called off the movement.
(i) Which Movement was called off by Gandhiji ?
(ii) Why was the Movement launched ?
Under what circumstances, the Puma Swaraj was demanded by the Congress ?
Or
Mention the main contents of resolution passed in the Lahore Session of Indian National Congress in December 1929 held under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru. [CBSE2014]
Or
Explain the reason for the Lahore Session of the Congress in 1929 to be called the historical session.
Who designed the Swaraj flag? What were the features of this flag ? How was it used as a symbol of defiance ? [CBSE March 2012]
Explain:
(a) Why is the growth of nationalism in the colonies linked to an anti-colonial movement ?
(b) How did the First World War help in the growth of the National Movement in India? [CBSE2014]
Or
Explain any four facts to show how did the First World War help in the growth of the National Movement in India. [CBSE March 2011]
(a) Why were Indians outraged by the Rowlatt Act ?
(b) Why did Gandhiji decide to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement?
Who was the writer of the book, Hind Swaraj'. What was the theme of the book?
Or
Explain the ideas of Gandhiji as he expressed in the famous book ‘Hind Swaraj’ regarding Non-cooperation. [CBSE 2012]
Plantation workers too had their own understanding of Gandhiji's notion of Swaraj."Explain.
Explain the contribution of the various social groups in the Civil Disobedience Movement. [CBSE 2014]
Or
Various classes and groups of Indians participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement for different reasons. Choose any four classes and explain their reason to participate in the movement. [CBSE 2012]
When and why was the Poona Pact signed? [CBSE March 2011]
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Examine the background of the Poona Pact of 1932 in the light of differences between Gandhiji and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. [CBSE 2014]
Examine the background of the Poona Pact of 1932. [CBSE 2014]
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Describe the main features of ‘Poona Pact’ [CBSE 2015 (O)]
Why Dr. B.R. Ambedkar clashed with Mahatma Gandhi at the Second Round Table Conference ?
"The effects of Non-cooperation on the economic front were more dramtic."Explain.
Or
Explain the effects of Non-Cooperation Movement on the economic front.
[CBSE 2014 (F)] Or
Explain the impact of Non-Cooperation Movement in the economic field.
[CBSE 2012]
Discuss the Salt March to make clear why it was an effective symbol of resistance against colonialism. [CBSE 2015 (O)]
The Congress was unwilling to support ‘no rent' campaigns during Civil Disobedience movement. Give reason.
Name the Pact which gave the Depressed Classes reserved seats in provincial and central legislative councils.
Who led the business community during | the Civil Disobedience Movement ? How did the community provide a big boost to the movement ? [CBSE 2010 (D), 2014(D)]
Or
Explain with examples the role of industrialist in the freedom struggle of India.
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Explain the attitude of the Indian merchants and the industrialist towards the ‘Civil Disobedience Movement.’ [CBSE 2015 (O)]