How do banks mediate between those who have surplus money and those who need money?
People with extra cash deposit it with the banks by opening a bank account in their name. Banks accept the deposits and also pay an interest on the deposits. Banks use the major portion of the deposits to extend loans to those who need money. In this way, banks mediate between those who have surplus funds (the depositors) and those who are in need of these funds (the borrowers). Banks charge a higher interest rate on loans than what they offer on deposits.
In situations with high risks, credit might create further problems for the borrower. Explain.
Manav needs a loan to set up a small business. On what basis will Manav decide whether to borrow from the bank or the moneylender? Discuss.
In India, about 80 per cent of farmers are small farmers, who need credit for cultivation.
(a) Why might banks be unwilling to lend to small farmers?
(b) What are the other sources from which the small farmers can borrow?
(c) Explain with an example how the terms of credit can be unfavourable for the small farmer.
(d) Suggest some ways by which small farmers can get cheap credit.
How does money solve the problem of double coincidence of wants? Explain with an example of your own.
In what ways does the Reserve Bank of India supervise the functioning of banks? Why is this necessary?
In what ways does the Reserve Bank of India supervise the functioning of banks? Why is this necessary?