Question:
Define 1 J of work.
Answer:
1 J is the amount of work done on an object when a force of 1 N displaces it by 1 m along the line of action of the force.
Work and Energy
Q 1.
A body is thrown vertically upwards. Its velocity goes on decreasing. Write the change in kinetic energy when its velocity becomes zero.
Q 2.
A 60 kg person climbs stairs of total height 20 m in 2 min.Calculate the power delivered.
Q 3.
Define potential energy.Derive an expression for the potential energy of a body of mass m,at a height h above the surface of the Earth.
Q 4.
Flowing water can rotate a turbine.What type of energy is used up by the turbine ?
Q 5.
How does the wind move the blades of a wind-mill ?
Q 6.
Two girls,each of weight 400 N,climb up a rope through a height of 8 m.We name one of the girls A and the other B.Girl A takes 20 s while B takes 50 s to accomplish this task.What is the power expended by each girl ?
Q 7.
Name a machine that transforms muscular energy into useful mechanical work.
Q 8.
What is the form of energy possessed by a running car?
Q 9.
An object of mass 15 kg is moving with a uniform velocity of 4 m/s.What is the kinetic energy possessed by the object ?
Q 10.
What do the machines need for their working ?
Q 11.
Name two forms of mechanical energy.
Q 12.
Name the device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Q 13.
A freely falling object eventually stops on reaching the ground.What happens to its kinetic energy ?
Q 14.
Why do some engines require fuels like petrol and diesel ?
Q 15.
A force of 7 N acts on an object.The displacement is,say 8 m,in the direction of the force,[in Fig.].Let us take it that the force acts on the object throughout the displacement What is the work done in this case ?
Q 16.
Can there be displacement of an object in the absence of any force acting on it ? Think.Discuss this question with your friends and teacher.
Q 17.
When is work done by a force zero ?
Q 18.
What is the work done by a constant force ?When is it positive,negative or zero ?
Q 19.
Does the transfer of energy take place when you push a huge rock with all your might and fail to move it? Where is the energy you spend going?
Q 20.
A boy of mass 55 kg runs up a flight of 40 stairs,each measuring 0.15 m.Calculate the work done by the boy
Q 21.
The velocity of a body moving in a straight line is increased by applying a constant force F,for some distance in the direction of the motion. Prove that the increase in the kinetic energy of the body is equal to the work done by the force on the body.
Q 22.
Can a body have energy without having momentum ?
Q 23.
Name the type of energy possessed by a raised hammer?
Q 24.
The mass of a ball A is double the mass of another ball B.The ball A moves at half the speed of the ball B.Calculate the ratio of the kinetic energy of A to the kinetic energy of B.
Q 25.
Write an expression for the work done when a force is acting on an object in the direction of its displacement.
Q 26.
A coolie carries a load of 50 kg on his head and walks on a level road upto 100 m.What is the work done by him ?
Q 27.
Is a person doing any work by holding a suitcase ?
Q 28.
How much work is done on a body of mass 1kg whirling on a circular path of radius 5m?
Q 29.
Two friends Ram and Shyam, each having weight of 40 kg, go for rock climbing. Ram climbs to a height of 3 m in 10 s. and Shyam covers the same height in 12 s. Is the work done by Ram and Shyam equal ? or not ? Compare the power of Ram and Shyam.
Q 30.
Define average power.
Q 31.
Fill in the blanks :
Ability to do work is called _______.
Q 32.
A porter lifts a luggage of 15 kg from the ground and puts it on his head 1.5 m above the ground.Calculate the work done by him on the luggage.
Q 33.
What type of energy is possessed by a cricket ball just before being caught by a fielder ?
Q 34.
A boy of mass 50 kg runs up a staircase of 45 steps in 9 s.If the height of each step is 15 cm,find his power.Take g =
.
Q 35.
The recent horrific storm surge flooding New Jersey and New York in US by Hurricane Sandy was almost prefectly predicted well in advance,but was more extreme than the average person might expect from a minimal hurricane.There is a metric that quantifies the energy of a storm based on how far out tropical-storm force winds extend from the centre,known as Integrated Kinetic Energy (IKE).
(i) What is Sandy’s ranking in terms of IKE among all the hurricanes witnessed so far?
(ii) What is the IKE of Sandy?
(iii) How was Sandy different from Hurricane Katrina ?
(iv) Which human value did Sandy generate among the people round the globe?
Q 36.
A body of mass 120 g is taken vertically upwards to reach the height of 5m. Calculate work done. (Take g = 10 m/s
2)
Q 37.
What is meant by the term potential energy ? Give its two examples.
Q 38.
A mass of 10 kg is at a point A on a table. It is moved to a point B. If the line joining A and B is horizontal, what is the work done on the object by the gravitational force? Explain your answer.
Q 39.
What are the various energy transformations that occur when you are riding a bicycle ?
Q 40.
Fill in the blanks :
A force acting on a body shows a displacement in the direction normal to the direction of the force. It is said _______ done on the body.
Q 41.
State the relation between commercial unit of energy and joules.
Q 42.
whether or not work is done in the light of your understanding of the term ‘work’.
(a) Suma is swimming in a pond.
(b) A donkey is carrying a load on its back.
(c) A wind-mill is lifting water from a well.
(d) A green plant is carrying out photosynthesis.
(e) An engine is pulling a train.
(f) Food grains are getting dried in the Sun.
(g) A sailboat is moving due to wind energy.
Q 43.
Is energy a vector quantity ?
Q 44.
Name a few forms of energy and their transformation into each other.
Q 45.
The global climate has always fluctuated.Millions of years ago,some parts of the world that are now quite warm, were covered with ice,and over recent centuries,average temperatures have risen and fallen in cycles.What is new,however,is that current and future climate change will be caused not just by natural events but also by activities of human beings.Suggest three simple ways to help save the climate of our planet.
Q 46.
Fill in the blanks :
Work done against a force is stored as _____.
Q 47.
Is it possible that a force acts on a body still the work done is zero? Explain with an example.
Q 48.
An object of mass m is raised from the the earth to an height of equal to the radius of the earth (R). Calculate the gain in potential energy by the object. Assume gravity of the earth is g.
Q 49.
A pair of bullocks exerts a force of 140 N on a plough. The field being ploughed is 15 m long. How much work is done in ploughing the length of the field?
Q 50.
Can kinetic energy of an object be negative?
