Question:
Differences among solids, liquids and gases.
Answer:
| Property |
Solids |
Liquids |
Gases |
| Mass |
Definite mass |
Definite mass |
Definite Mass |
| Shape |
Definite shape |
No definite shape |
No definite shape |
| Volume |
Definite Volume |
Definite Volume |
No Definite Volume |
| Density |
Highest |
Lower than solids Higher than gases |
Lowest |
| Rigidity |
Highly Rigid |
Less Rigid than Solids |
Not rigid |
| Fluidity |
Do not flow |
From higher level to low level |
In all directions |
| Compressibility |
Very Low or Cannot be compressed easily |
Low |
Very High |
| Free Surface |
Infinite |
One (Upper Surface) |
No free surface |
| Diffusion |
Cannot diffuse |
Few diffuse immediately |
Diffuse rapidly |
| Thermal Expansion |
Low and Linear |
Higher than Solids |
Highest |
| Packing of particles |
Tightly Packed |
Loosely Packed |
Very loosely packed |
| Spaces between particles |
Very less |
Greater space as compared to solids |
Greatest |
| Forces of Attraction |
Very strong |
Less than solids |
Least |
| Kinetic Energy(KE) |
Very low KE |
Higher than solids |
Highest KE |
| Movement of Particles |
Cannot move freely Vibratory |
Can move freely Vibratory, Translatory & Rotatory |
Can move freely Vibratory, Translatory & Rotatory |
| Filing a gas container |
Do not require container |
Requires container |
Requires container |
The States of Matter Nice chart for FA assignment
Matter in Our Surroundings
Q 1.
What is SI unit of temperature? Give mathematical relation also.
Q 3.
What do you mean by the term Volume?
Q 4.
What do you mean by change in state?
Q 5.
Which state of matter is most easily compressible?
Q 6.
List any five physical properties of liquids.
Q 7.
What are the ways a gas can be liquefied?
Q 8.
How matter is classified in terms of physical state?
Q 9.
Define the term Volatile Liquid.
Q 10.
What is evaporation? Why does evaporation cause cooling?
Q 11.
Arrange the following substances in increasing order of intermolecular force of attraction: water, sugar, oxygen
Q 12.
Define transpiration.
Q 13.
Why solids cannot be compressed like gases?
Q 15.
The mass per unit volume of a substance is called density (density=mass/volume). Arrange the following in order of increasing density:
Air, Exhaust from chimneys, Honey, Water, Chalk, Cotton and Iron.
Q 16.
What are the differences between boiling and evaporation?
Q 17.
How matter is classified in terms of composition?
Q 18.
Define evaporation.
Q 19.
What do you mean by the following terms:
a. Evaporation
b. Sublimation
c. Condensation
Q 20.
Define Latent Heat of Fusion and Latent Heat of vaporisation.
Q 21.
Why is light not considered matter?
Q 22.
Our own bodies contain examples of all three states of matter. Can you identify these?
Q 23.
How can matter change its state?
Q 24.
Why do diffusion become faster at higher temperatures?
Q 25.
What is the physical state of water at the following temperatures? (a) 25 °C (b) 0 °C (c) 100 °C
Q 26.
How vapour is different from gases? Give examples of each.
Q 27.
Which of the following are matter?
Chair, Air, Love, Smell, Hate, Almonds, Thought, Cold, Cold drinks, Smell of perfume
Q 28.
In which case evaporation of water will be faster i.e. near the sea or far away from the sea.
Q 29.
Convert the following temperature to Celsius scale: (a) 300 K (b) 573 K
Q 30.
Explain compressibility in gases with an example?
Q 31.
Why does the temperature of a substance remain constant during melting and boiling even when heat is being supplied to it continuously?
Q 32.
Which of the following state does not exist at room temperature conditions: a) Solids b) Liquids c) Gas d) Plasma
Q 33.
Why do gases diffuse rapidly?
Q 34.
What are the characteristics of matter?
Q 35.
Define the following terms:
a. Melting point
b. Freezing point
c. Boiling point
Q 36.
Explain with an experiment to show gases do not have fixed shape or volume.
Q 37.
What factors affect the rate of evaporation?
Q 38.
The Kelvin scale temperature is 0 K. What is the corresponding Celsius scale temperature ?
Q 39.
Give reasons to justify: (a) Water at room temperature is a liquid. (b) An iron almirah is solid.
Q 40.
Convert the temperature of 573 K to the Celsius scale.
Q 41.
Give the usual name for the following :Heat required to change the state of a substance without changing the temperature.
Q 42.
Name the process by which a drop of ink spreads in a beaker of water.
Q 43.
What is the scientific name of particles which make up matter ?
Q 44.
The Kelvin temperature is 270 K. What is the corresponding Celsius scale temperature ?
Q 45.
Is smell of garlic or perfume a matter?
Q 46.
What are the conditions for 'something' to be called 'matter' ?
Q 47.
Write the relation between Kelvin scale and Celsius scale of temperature.
Q 48.
Give reasons for the following observations. The smell of hot sizzling food reaches you several meters away, but to get smell from cold food you have to go close.
Q 49.
A diver is able to cut through water in a swimming pool. Which property of matter does this observation show?
Q 50.
Honey is more viscous than water. Can you suggest why ?
