Chemistry

Matter in Our Surroundings

Question:

How can matter change its state?

Answer:

The physical state of any matter can be brought about in the following ways:
  • by changing temperature only
  • by changing pressure only
  • by changing pressure and temperature both.
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Matter in Our Surroundings

Q 1.

Define matter.

Q 2.

Which of the following are matter?
Chair, Air, Love, Smell, Hate, Almonds, Thought, Cold, Cold drinks, Smell of perfume

Q 3.

What is SI unit of temperature? Give mathematical relation also.

Q 4.

Why is light not considered matter?

Q 5.

What do you mean by change in state?

Q 6.

Define transpiration.

Q 7.

What is evaporation? Why does evaporation cause cooling?

Q 8.

How matter is classified in terms of physical state?

Q 9.

What are the differences between boiling and evaporation?

Q 10.

What are the ways a gas can be liquefied?

Q 11.

Define the term Volatile Liquid.

Q 12.

Which state of matter is most easily compressible?

Q 13.

List any five physical properties of liquids.

Q 14.

What do you mean by the following terms:
a. Evaporation
b. Sublimation
c. Condensation

Q 15.

Define Latent Heat of Fusion and Latent Heat of vaporisation.

Q 16.

Define Density.

Q 17.

Our own bodies contain examples of all three states of matter. Can you identify these?

Q 18.

How can matter change its state?

Q 19.

What do you mean by the term Volume?

Q 20.

Why solids cannot be compressed like gases?

Q 21.

The mass per unit volume of a substance is called density (density=mass/volume). Arrange the following in order of increasing density:
Air, Exhaust from chimneys, Honey, Water, Chalk, Cotton and Iron.

Q 22.

Define evaporation.

Q 23.

Explain compressibility in gases with an example?

Q 24.

How matter is classified in terms of composition?

Q 25.

Arrange the following substances in increasing order of intermolecular force of attraction: water, sugar, oxygen

Q 26.

Why do diffusion become faster at higher temperatures?

Q 27.

What is the physical state of water at the following temperatures? (a) 25 °C (b) 0 °C (c) 100 °C

Q 28.

What are the characteristics of matter?

Q 29.

Why does the temperature of a substance remain constant during melting and boiling even when heat is being supplied to it continuously?

Q 30.

In which case evaporation of water will be faster i.e. near the sea or far away from the sea.

Q 31.

Convert the following temperature to Celsius scale: (a) 300 K (b) 573 K

Q 32.

Why does steam cause more severe burns than boiling water, though both are at the same temperature?

Q 33.

Define the following terms:
a. Melting point
b. Freezing point
c. Boiling point

Q 34.

How vapour is different from gases? Give examples of each.

Q 35.

Which of the following state does not exist at room temperature conditions: a) Solids b) Liquids c) Gas d) Plasma

Q 36.

Why do gases diffuse rapidly?

Q 37.

Why is ice at 273 K more effective in cooling than water at the same temperature?

Q 38.

A diver is able to cut through water in a swimming pool. Which property of matter does this observation show?

Q 39.

What factors affect the rate of evaporation?

Q 40.

Convert the temperature of 573 K to the Celsius scale.

Q 41.

Explain with an experiment to show gases do not have fixed shape or volume.

Q 42.

What are the conditions for 'something' to be called 'matter' ?

Q 43.

Give the usual name for the following :Heat required to change the state of a substance without changing the temperature.

Q 44.

(a) Define the term 'latent heat of vaporisation' of a liquid. What is the value of the latent heat of vaporisation of water ?
(b) Draw a labelled diagram of the experimental set-up to study the latent heat of vaporisation of water.

Q 45.

Name the process by which a drop of ink spreads in a beaker of water.

Q 46.

Write the full forms of the following :(a) LPG (b) CNG

Q 47.

The Kelvin scale temperature is 0 K. What is the corresponding Celsius scale temperature ?

Q 48.

What is meant by saying that the latent heat of vaporisation of water is 22.5 x 105 J/kg ?

Q 49.

Give reasons to justify: (a) Water at room temperature is a liquid. (b) An iron almirah is solid.

Q 50.

Is smell of garlic or perfume a matter?