Question:
Why do we classify organisms?
Answer:
Classification helps us understand biodiversity better way. Biodiversity has direct and indirect economic benefits to humans as well as to our ecosystem. A systematic study of such biodiversity is essential to better understand the inter-relationships in our ecosystems. Following are the needs to classify them:
- Plants and animals have valuable genetic variation information. It will help us understand the ways evolution take place.
- Humans often benefit from plants and animals in different ways. A systematic study will help to explore other potential benefits.
- Certain species warn us of imbalances in our ecosystem. e.g. white-rumped vultures became almost extinct because of use of drug burfen (diclofenac) in domestic animals. When vultures ate these dead animals, it led to their kidney failures. A systematic study of the organisms would help in restoring the balance in their ecosystems.
- Plants and animals have been the inspiration for technology and engineering design. e.g. SONARS and RADARS work on the same acoustics principles as used by bats. Classification will help us revealing such more inspirations.
- It is estimated that the Earth has almost 8.8 million animal, plant, and fungi species, but we’ve only discovered less than a one-fourth of this. Classification gives a system for identification of known and unknown organisms.
Diversity in Living Organisms
Q 1.
Give examples of Arthropod animals.
Q 2.
On what bases are plants and animals put into different categories?
Q 3.
Write the name of the group of plants, which produces seeds, but not fruits.
Q 4.
Name the kingdom which includes the simplest form of eukaryotes.
Q 5.
Woese introduced by dividing the Monera kingdom into two sub-kingdoms. Name the two?
Q 6.
Commonly called flatworm, bilateral symmetrical, acoelomates are the features of which animal division?
Q 7.
What is the main basis of differentiation between vertebrates and non-vertebrates?
Q 8.
Name a parasitic disease caused by members of Nematoda.
Q 9.
Amar, Ujala and Anara wrote the scientic name of mango as follows. Who wrote it correctly.
Amar - Mangifera Indica
Ujala - Mangifera indica
Anara - mangifera indica
Q 10.
Give two examples of Bryophyta plants?
Q 11.
Name five countries that lie in the region of megadiversity.
Q 12.
What is the criterion for classification of organisms as belonging to kingdom Monera or Protista?
Q 13.
List important characteristics (at least three) of bryophytes.
Q 14.
How are pteridophytes different from the phanerogams?
Q 15.
How Phanerogams are divided further chiefly?
Q 16.
Which animal phylum is commonly called as flatworms?
Q 17.
Name a symbiotic life form that grows on the bark of a tree as large, coloured patches.
Q 18.
In the hierarchy of classification, which group will have the smallest number of organisms and a maximum number of similar characteristics?
Q 19.
Who introduced the system of scientific nomenclature of organisms?
Q 20.
Name the simplest of plants that do not have a well-differentiated body design.
Q 21.
Identify the division of Plantae having following characteristics:
i. Seeds not enclosed within fruit.
ii. Flowers represented as cones (unisexual)
iii. Ovules not located in ovary.
Q 22.
Identify the plant groups which has net like veins in leaves, flower parts in group of fours or fives, vascular bundles are in a ring and two seed leaves.
Q 23.
Minimal body design, have holes which lead to canal system that helps in circulating water, marine habitat. Which division of Animalia it refers to?
Q 24.
Hydra, Jelly Fish, corals belog to which group of animals?
Q 25.
Give three examples of Protochordata animals.
Q 26.
Ambibian heart is divided into how many chambers?
Q 27.
Name a reptile which has four chambered heart.
Q 28.
What do you mean by biodiversity?
Q 29.
Why is there a need for classification and systematic naming of living organisms?
Q 30.
What is the primary reason for such a huge diversity we find in animals and plants?
Q 31.
Name the book written by Carolus Linnaeus on the classification of organisms.
Q 32.
Name the levels of classification proposed by Linnaeus. What happens to similarities among organisms as we go from top to bottom level?
Q 33.
In which kingdom will you place an organism which is single-celled, eukaryotic and photosynthetic?
Q 34.
Blue-green algae are classified with bacteria and placed in kingdom Monera.
Q 35.
(a) What are saprophytes?
(b) Name the kingdom to which they belong.
(c) What is the cell wall of fungi made up of?
Q 36.
What are the major divisions in the Plantae? What is the basis for these divisions?
Q 37.
Why are Thallophytes called non-embryonic plants?
Q 38.
What are naked-seeded plants are called?
Q 39.
Define Cryptograms.
Q 40.
How Angiosperms are divided further?
Q 41.
Name the phylum to which the following are included. (i) Spider (ii) Cockroach (iii) Prawn (iv) Housefly
Q 42.
What is the type of circulatory system present in Arthropods?
Q 43.
How do annelid animals differ from arthropods?
Q 44.
What is a notochord? What does it do?
Q 45.
In which Kingdom, an organism does not have a well defined nucleus and organelles?
Q 46.
What is the primary characteristic on which the first division of organisms is made?
Q 47.
What is the mode of nutrition in Mushroom?
Q 48.
Name the three divisions of Plantae that have inconspicuous reproductive organs. What are their seeds called?
Q 49.
Sunflower, Maize, Wheat and Pea belong to which group of plants?
Q 50.
Filarial worms, (Ascaris)round worms, (Wuchereria)pin worms belong to which group of animalia?
