Question:
What is "Public interest Litigation"?
Answer:
’’Public interest Litigation’’ or PIL is a litigation filed in a court of law, for the protection of ’’Public Interest”, such as pollution, terrorism, road safety, constructional hazards etc.
PIL can be filed for the following reasons:-
Violation of basic human rights of the poor
Content or conduct of government policy
Compel municipal authorities to perform a public duty
Violation of religious rights or other basic fundamental rights
Any individual or organisation can file a PIL in the High Court or the Supreme Court on behalf of those whose rights are being violated. It is not necessary, that the person filing a case should have a direct interest in the case.
Judiciary
Q 1.
If they do not like the Supreme Court verdict, the accused can go back again to the Trial Court.
Q 2.
What are the guidelines that the police have to follow during investigation?
Q 3.
What is the structure of the judicial system of India?
Q 4.
What is the role of the police in the Criminal Justice System?
Q 5.
Define the term 'Criminal Justice System'.
Q 6.
Who is a Prosecutor?
Q 7.
Write a brief note on the independence of the judiciary.
Q 8.
What is the role of the judge in the Criminal Justice System?
Q 9.
Why is the Prosecutor called a Public Prosecutor?
Q 10.
What does judiciary mean?
Q 11.
What do you understand by the word 'law'?
Q 12.
What are the procedures that have to be followed if the criminal trial has to be a Fair Trial?
Q 13.
Mention the branches of the Legal system.
Q 14.
What is "Public interest Litigation"?
Q 15.
You read that one of the main functions of the judiciary is 'upholding the law and Enforcing Fundamental Rights’. Why do you think an independent judiciary is necessary to carry out this important function?
Q 17.
Re-read excerpts from the judgment on the Olga Tellis vs Bombay Municipal Corporation case. Now write in your own words what the judges meant when they said that the Right to Livelihood was part of the Right to Life.
Q 18.
Re-read the list of Fundamental Rights provided in Chapter 1. How do you think the Right to Constitutional Remedies connects to the idea of judicial review?
Q 19.
Why do you think the introduction of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the 1980s is a significant step in ensuring access to justice for all?
Q 20.
Write a brief note on the criminal procedure in the Criminal Justice System in India.
Q 21.
What is the'appellate system'?
Q 22.
How is the work of the judiciary categorised?
Q 23.
In the following illustration, fill in each tier with the judgments given by the various courts in the Sudha Goel case. Check your responses with others in class.
Q 24.
What are D.K. Basu Guidelines?
