Civics

Urban Livelihoods

Question:

What are various ways of earning livelihood in the urban areas? Discuss. [V. Imp.]

Answer:

People in urban areas are engaged in a variety of activities in order to earn their living. Some are doing the work of a cobbler while some are barbers busy with their work. A number of people earn their livelihood by pulling rickshaw. Vendors are also seen here and there selling household articles. In urban areas showrooms of different items can be seen. These showrooms are run by businesspersons. These people employ a number of workers as supervisors and helpers for their showrooms. Several urban people are engaged in Factories where they work for long hours. They don't have job security still they continue their work because they don't have other option. But there are also people who do office work with full job security. They get regular salary and enjoy other benefits of job like savings for old age, holidays, medical facilities etc.

Working in Call Centres is a new form of employment in big cities. It has attracted a large number of young men and women. Thus, we see that with a growing population, job opportunities have also increased and people are availing these opportunities according to their talent and aptitude.

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Urban Livelihoods

Q 1.

Name some activities which are carried out on the streets.

Q 2.

What is the normal working day in a garment factory?

Q 3.

What works does Sudha do?

Q 4.

Write in brief on Call Centres'.

Q 5.

What types of things do vendors usually sell?

Q 6.

How is it looked upon now?

Q 7.

Mention two features of permanent jobs.

Q 8.

What is essential for the permanent shops?

Q 9.

What benejits does Sudha get along with her salary?

Q 10.

Mention some drawbacks of casual jobs. [V. Imp.]

Q 11.

Mention two features of business persons.

Q 12.

Define labour chowk'.

Q 13.

What was found in a Survey of Ahmedabad city?

Q 14.

Fill in the blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:

(i) There are almost ……… street vendors in the country working in …………………
(ii) Those who work in government departments get a ……………….. salary every month.
(iii) It is the……… that decides on which day of the week the market has to remain  closed.
(iv) Call Centres in ………. cities provide a new form of employment to the people.
(v )Street vending is now recognised as a general benefit and as a………………… of people  to earn their ……………  •

Q 15.

What is a Call Centre? [V. Imp.]

Q 16.

In what ways is a permanent and regular job different from a casual job? Discuss.

Q 17.

How do hawkers manage their work? [V. Imp.]

Q 18.

What are various ways of earning livelihood in the urban areas? Discuss. [V. Imp.]

Q 19.

How was street vending looked upon till recently?