Civics

Rural Livelihoods

Question:

Under which circumstances poor farmers find themselves unable to pay back their loans? What happens after that?

Answer:

Poor farmers are bound to take loans for agriculture purpose. Sometimes they successfully pay back the loans but there are also moments when they fail to do that in time because of crop failure. This is a very tough time for them. For the family to survive, they have to borrow more money. Soon the loan becomes so large that no matter what they earn, they are unable to repay.  This is when we can say they are caught in debt. Whenever this situation occurs, farmers become helpless. Their helplessness to repay the loan sometimes compel them to commit suicide.

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Rural Livelihoods

Q 1.

How does he pay back the loan to trader?

Q 2.

Why do people migrate? [V. Imp.]

Q 3.

List the three situations in which crops can be ruined.

Q 4.

How much land does Sekar own?

Q 5.

What work does Sekar do at Ramalingam's rice mill?

Q 6.

Why do fishermen go far into the sea?

Q 7.

Imagine you are a member of a fishing family and you are discussing whether to take a loan from the bank for an engine. What would you say?

Q 8.

You have probably noticed that people in Kalpattu are engaged in a variety of non ­farm work. List five of these.

Q 9.

Poor rural labourers like Thulasi often do not have access to good medical facilities, good schools, and other resources. You have read about inequality in the first unit of this text. The difference between her and Ramalingam is one of inequality. Do you think this is a fair situation? What do you think can be done? Discuss in class.

Q 10.

What do you think the government can do to help fanners like Sekar when they get into debt? Discuss.

Q 11.

Name some other activities which poor families in rural areas often do for the household apart from farming.    [V. Imp.]

Q 12.

Why did Thulasi borrow from Ramalingam?

Q 13.

During which period do fish breed?

Q 14.

How is Ramalingam different from others according to Thulasi?

Q 15.

How do fishermen manage during the monsoon period?

Q 16.

List the different types of people you read about in Kalpattu who depend on farming. Who is the poorest among them and why?

Q 17.

Why does Sekar need to earn some extra money?

Q 18.

How did she pay back the loan to Ramalingam.

Q 19.

What does Thulasi's husband do when he finds no work on the farm?

Q 20.

State whether these sentences are true CD or false (F).

(i)Ramalingam is a big farmer having twenty acres of land.
(ii) Sekar takes loan from Thulasi and buys seeds and fertilizers.
(iii) In coastal areas we find fishing villages.
(iv) In India 60 percent farmers are small Farmers.
(v) Sekar takes help of other small farmers at the time of harvesting.

Q 21.

Under which circumstances poor farmers find themselves unable to pay back their loans? What happens after that?

Q 22.

Describe different types of work that Sekar do for a living.

Q 23.

What is the main crop of Kalpattu village?

Q 24.

Fill in the blanks with appropriate words to complete each sentence:

(i)The people of Chizami village do …………………………………………..  farming.
(ii) Nearly …….  of all rural families are agricultural labourers in India.
(iii) Sekar has a hybrid cow, whose milk he sells in the local ………………
(iv) In some villages in central India, both farming and ………………..  from forest are important sources of livelihood.
(v) The people of Pudupet village earn their living by………………

Q 25.

Why do farmers like Sekar need to borrow money?

Q 26.

Write a brief note on the lifestyle of the people of Chizami.

Q 27.

Write a short note on the lives of fishing families. [V. Imp.]

Q 28.

What different activities are done by the people of Kalpattu village?