1. Why is a war like situation called Cold War?
2. Identify one military pact each signed by each of the two super powers to balance the power rivalries.
3. Differentiate between the ideologies represented by the rival blocs.
1. The Cold War referred to the competition, the tensions and a series of confrontations between the US and Soviet Union. It never escalated into a hot war, i.e. a full-scale war between these two powers.
2. The US and USSR decided to collaborate in limiting or eliminating certain kinds of nuclear and non-nuclear weapons. A stable balance of weapon, they decided, could be maintained through ‘arms
control'. Starting in the 1960s, the two sides signed significant agreements, namely, Limited Test Ban Treaty and Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
3. The Western alliance, headed by the US, represented the ideology of liberal democracy and capitalism while the eastern alliance, headed by the Soviet Union, was committed to the ideology of socialism and communism.
2. Read the passage (NCERT Textbook, pages 2-3) given below carefully and answer the questions:
In April 1961… the Soviet Union were worried that the United States of America would invade communist ruled Cuba and overthrow the Cuban President Fidel Castro…. Nikita Khrushchev, the leader of Soviet Union, decided to convert Cuba into a Russian base. In 1962, placed nuclear missiles… Three weeks after the Soviet Union had placed the nuclear weapons in Cuba, the Americans became aware of it. They became reluctant to do anything that might lead to full scale war between the two countries… A clash seemed imminent in what came to be known as "Cuban Missile Crisis". The prospects of this clash made the whole world nervous.
Why did the superpowers have military alliances with smaller countries? Give three reasons.
1. Why was the Soviet Union worried about America invading Cuba?
2. In response to the action taken by America, what did Nikita Khrushchev do?
3. Why were the two superpowers reluctant to start nuclear war?
What was India's foreign policy towards the USandUSSR during the Cold War era? Do you think that this policy helped India's interests?
What led to the emergence of bipolar world? What were the arenas of Cold War between the two power blocs?
Name any two foreign leaders alongwith the countries they belonged to, who are recognised as the founders of NAM.
1. Why is a war like situation called Cold War?
2. Identify one military pact each signed by each of the two super powers to balance the power rivalries.
3. Differentiate between the ideologies represented by the rival blocs.
Sometimes it is said that the Cold War was a simple struggle for power and that ideology had nothing to do with it. Do you agree with this? Give one example to support your position.
Name any two founders of Non-aligned Movement. The first NAM summit was the culmination of which three factors?
NAM was considered a third option' by third world countries! How did this option benefit their growth during the peak of the Cold War?
On the political map of world locate and level the following by giving symbols to them:
Study the given map of the world in which six different countries have been marked 1,2,3,4,5,6. Identify these countries with their names and classify them as first, second, third world countries.
" Non-alignment does not imply neutrality or equidistance."What does this statement mean?
1. Describe any six factors responsible for the disintegration of USSR.
Or
What is meant by New International Economic Order? Mention any four reforms of the global trading system proposed by UNCTAD in 1972.
What do you th nk about the statement that NAM has bdcoPie irrelevant today? Give reasons to support your opinion.
Or
What is the relevance of non-aligned movement after the end of Cold War?
The Cold War produced an arms race as well as arms control. What were the reasons for both these development?
What was the difference in the ideology of Western Alliances and that of Eastern Alliances?
Why did India distance itself from the two camps led by the U.S. and the Soviet Union? Explain.
"The drop of bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the US was a political game."Justify the statement.
Study the given map and identify these countries from each of rival blocs. Name and categorise them. These countries have been symbolised as A, B, C, D, E, F.
Mark correct or wrong against each of the following statements that describe the features ol Tliitary alliances formed by the superpowers.
(a) Member countries of the alliance are to provide bases in their respective lands for superpowers.
(b) Member countries to support the superpower both in terms of ideology and military strategy.
(c) When a nation attacks any member country, it is considered as an attack on all the member countries.
(d) Superpowers assist all the member countries to develop their own nuclear weapons.
Here is a list of countries. Write against each of these blocs they belonged to during the Cold War.