What were the circumstances which led to the Khilafat and the Non-Cooperation Movement ?
Or
Why did Mahatma Gandhi feel the need to launch a broad-based movement in 1920 ? Give any three reasons.
Explain any three causes that led to the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920.
[CBSE 2014 (D)Compt]
(i) Conditions Created by the First World War : The First World War was fought from 1914 to 1918.
• It led to huge increase in defence expenditure which was financed by taxes.
• Due to war prices increased many times leading to extreme hardship for common people.
• Crops failed in 1918-19 resulting in acute shortage of food.
• Many people lost their lives in the war and due to epidemic.
• Forced recruitment in the army caused widespread anger.
(ii) Gandhiji's Return and Satyagraha :
Mahatma Gandhi returned to India from South Africa in 1915 where he had successfully fought against the racist regime with his new method of mass agitation and nonviolence known as Satyagraha. In India he launched satyagraha movements at various places. These satyagrahas provided base to the Non-Cooperation Movement.
(iii) The Rowlatt Act : The Act was passed by the Imperial Legislative Assembly. The act provided enormous powers to police. The police got the power to arrest anyone without any trial. The aim of the act was to repress political activities.
(iv) Jallianwalla Bagh : The Jallianwala Bagh added fuel to the fire. People were already agitating against the Rowlatt Act. People had gathered to protest against the new act in the Jallianwala Bagh. General Dyer entered the park and ordered fire killing many people. As the news spread, crowds took to the streets.
(v) United Struggle : The fear of harsh treaty on the Ottoman emperor (the Khalifa) brought the Muslims close to Gandhiji. A young generation of Muslim leaders like Mohammad Ali and Shaukat Ali was in favour of a united mass action against the Britishers.
What is meant by the idea of Satyagraha ?
Or
Explain the idea of Satyagraha according to Gandhiji. [CBSE 2014 (D)]
Why the rich peasants became enthusiastic supporters of the Civil Disobedience movement?
What was the impact of the First World War on India ?[CBSE 2015]
Or
Explain new economic and political situations created in India during the First World War. [CBSE 2008 (O)]
Or
What was the impact of the First World War on the economic conditions in India ? [CBSE March 2011, 2013 (D)]
Explain:
(a) Why is the growth of nationalism in the colonies linked to an anti-colonial movement ?
(b) How did the First World War help in the growth of the National Movement in India? [CBSE2014]
Or
Explain any four facts to show how did the First World War help in the growth of the National Movement in India. [CBSE March 2011]
(a) Why were Indians outraged by the Rowlatt Act ?
(b) Why did Gandhiji decide to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement?
What was the reaction of the people against the Rowlatt Act ? [CBSE 2013 (D)]
Or
Explain the reactions of Indian people against the Rowlatt Act passed through the Imperial Legislative Council in 1919. [CBSE March 2012 (O)]
(i) Why the Congress ignored the dalit's or oppressed for a long time ?
(ii) Name the national leader who declared that swaraj would not come for a hundred years if untou- chability was not eliminated.
What were the factors responsible for the gradual slow down of the Non Cooperation movement ? [CBSE 2008 (D), 2013 (D)]
Or
Why did the Non-Cooperation Movement gradually slow down in the cities ? Give reasons. [CBSE March 2011, 2014, 21015 (D)]
Imagine you are a woman participating in the Civil Disobedience Movement. Explain what the experience meant to your life.
Or
Women played a very important role in the Civil Disobedience Movement.' Explain.
Name the Commission which was formed to look into the functioning of the constitu tional system in India. Who was the President of the Commission.
Under what circumstances, the Puma Swaraj was demanded by the Congress ?
Or
Mention the main contents of resolution passed in the Lahore Session of Indian National Congress in December 1929 held under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru. [CBSE2014]
Or
Explain the reason for the Lahore Session of the Congress in 1929 to be called the historical session.
Why Dr. B.R. Ambedkar clashed with Mahatma Gandhi at the Second Round Table Conference ?
Plantation workers too had their own understanding of Gandhiji's notion of Swaraj."Explain.
Carefully study the given paragraph from your textbook and answer the questions that follows :
As the news of the Jallianwala Bagh spread, crowds took to the streets in many North Indian towns. There were strikes and clashes with the police and attacks on government buildings. The government responded with brutal repression, seeking to humiliate and terrorise people: Satyagrahis were forced to rub their noses on the ground, crawl on the streets, and do salaam (salute) to all sahibs ; people were flogged and villages (around Gujranwala in Punjab, now in Pakistan) were bombed. Seeing violence spread, Mahatma Gandhi called off the movement.
(i) Which Movement was called off by Gandhiji ?
(ii) Why was the Movement launched ?
Name any two organisations which were formed by the business class to organise their business interests.
Name the Pact which gave the Depressed Classes reserved seats in provincial and central legislative councils.
Explain the role of Ambedkar in uplifting the dalits or the depressed classes. [CBSE March 2011]
"The effects of Non-cooperation on the economic front were more dramtic."Explain.
Or
Explain the effects of Non-Cooperation Movement on the economic front.
[CBSE 2014 (F)] Or
Explain the impact of Non-Cooperation Movement in the economic field.
[CBSE 2012]
Describe briefly any three economic effects of the Non-Cooperation Movement. [CBSE 2009 (O)]
Why did the poor peasants join the Civil Disobedience Movement ? Why did the relationship between the poor peasants and the Congress remain uncertain ? [CBSE 2014(D)]
Why did the business class participate in the Civil Disobedience Movement ? [CBSE 2014(D)]
Explain the effects of “worldwide economic depression' on India, towards late 1920s. [CBSE2013 (O)]
Explain the contribution of the various social groups in the Civil Disobedience Movement. [CBSE 2014]
Or
Various classes and groups of Indians participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement for different reasons. Choose any four classes and explain their reason to participate in the movement. [CBSE 2012]