Biology

How Do Organisms Reproduce?

Question:

(a) Name the parts labelled A, B, C, D and E.
how-do-organisms-reproducechapter-wise-important-questions-class-10-science-8
(b) Where do the following functions occur?
(i) Production of an egg
(ii) Fertilisation
(iii) Implantation of zygote.
(c) What happens to the lining of uterus:
(i) before release of a fertilised egg?
(ii) if no fertilisation occurs?

Answer:

(a)
A – Oviduct or Fallopian tube;
B – Ovary;
C – Uterus;
D – Cervix;
E – Vagina.
(b) (i) Ovaries; (ii) Fallopian tube;
(iii) Lining of the uterus.
(c) (i) The lining of uterus becomes
(ii) The lining of uterus slowly breaks and comes out through the vagina as blood and mucous, if no fertilisation occurs.

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How Do Organisms Reproduce?

Q 1.

How are the modes for reproduction different in unicellular and multicellular organisms ?

Q 2.

List two advantages of practising vegetative propagation in plants. Select two plants raised by this method from the list given below:
Banana, Gram, Pea, Rose, Tomato, Wheat.

Q 3.

The anther contains :
(a) Sepals
(b) Ovules
(c) Carpel
(d) Pollen grains.

Q 4.

Name the largest cell present in the human body.

Q 5.

What is ‘reproduction’? Mention the importance of DNA copying inreproduction.

Q 6.

Differentiate between ‘self-pollination’ and ‘cross-pollination’. Describe double fertilisation in plants.

Q 7.

How does binary fission differ from multiple fission ?

Q 8.

What are the advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?

Q 9.

What is the importance of DNA copying in reproduction?

Q 10.

Mention the mode of reproduction used by
(a) Amoeba (b) Planaria.

Q 11.

List any four modes of asexual reproduction.

Q 12.

What is AIDS? Which microbe is responsible for AIDS infection? State one mode of transmission of this disease. Explain in brief one measure for the prevention of AIDS.

Q 13.

Define the term puberty. List two  changes observed in girls at the time of puberty.

Q 14.

How does the embryo get nourishment inside the Mother’s body?

Q 15.

What is reproduction? What are its two types? Which one of the two confers new characteristics on the offsprings and how?

Q 16.

State the method used for growing rose plants.

Q 17.

Define the terms unisexual and bisexual giving one example of each.

Q 18.

List and explain in brief three methods  of contraception.

Q 19.

(a) Explain the role of placenta in the development of human embryo.
(b) Give example of two bacterial and two viral sexually transmitted diseases. Name the most effective contraceptive which prevents spread of such diseases.

Q 20.

Asexual reproduction takes place through budding in :
(a) Amoeba
(b) Yeast
(c) Plasmodium
(d) Leishmania.

Q 21.

What is the effect of DNA copying which is not perfectly accurate on the reproduction process?

Q 22.

What is meant by asexual reproduction? List its any two different forms.

Q 23.

“Variations that confer an advantage to an individual organism only will survive in a population.” Justify.

Q 24.

Write the full form of DNA. Name the part of the cell where it is located. Explain its role in the process of reproduction of the cell.

Q 25.

Why is DNA copying an essential part of the process of reproduction?

Q 26.

List the parts of human male reproductive system which contribute fluid to the semen. State two advantages semen offers to the sperms.

Q 27.

Name the two types of germ-cells present in human beings. How do they structurally differ from each other? Give two differences.

Q 28.

Why is variation beneficial to the species but not necessarily for the individual?

Q 29.

If a woman is using a copper-T will it help in protecting her from sexually transmitted diseases?

Q 30.

What are the functions performed by the testes in human beings?

Q 31.

How does reproduction help in providing stability to populations Of species?

Q 32.

Explain the following methods of contraception giving one example of each:
(i) Barrier method
(ii) Hormonal imbalance method
(iii) Surgical method.

Q 33.

Draw a diagram of a human female reproductive system and label the part
(i) that produces egg
(ii) where fusion of egg and sperm take place
(iii) where zygote is implanted
What happens to human egg when it is not fertilised?

Q 34.

Why is vegetative propagation practised for growing some type of plants?

Q 35.

What is the role of the seminal vesicles and the prostate gland ?

Q 36.

Name one sexually transmitted disease each caused due to bacterial infection and viral infection. How can these be prevented?

Q 37.

(a) In the human body what is the role of
(i) seminal vesicles, and (ii) prostate gland?
(b) List two functions performed by testis in human beings.

Q 38.

What is regeneration? State a reason why a more complex organism cannot give rise to new individuals through this method.

Q 39.

What are sexually transmitted diseases?
Name four such diseases. Which one of them damages the immune system of human body?

Q 40.

State in brief the changes that take place in a fertilised egg (zygote) till birth of the child in the human female reproductive system. What happens to the egg when it is not fertilised?

Q 41.

How will an organism be benefited if it reproduces through spores?

Q 42.

How is the process Of pollination different from fertilization ?

Q 43.

Why does menstruation occur?

Q 44.

State what type of method is used for growing jasmine plant.

Q 45.

(a) Explain the terms:
(i) Implantation (ii) Placenta
(b) What is the average duration of human pregnancy?

Q 46.

List any four reasons for vegetative propagation being practised in the growth of some type of plants.

Q 47.

Explain vegetative propagation with the help of two examples. List two advantages of vegetative propagation.

Q 48.

Draw a longitudinal section of a flower and label the following parts:
(i) Part that produces pollen grain.
(ii)Part that transfers male gametes to the female gametes.
(iii) Part that is sticky to trap the pollen grain.
(iv) Part that develops into a fruit.

Q 49.

a) List any four reasons for adopting contraceptive methods.
(b) If a woman is using Copper-T, will it help in protecting her from sexually transmitted diseases? Why?  

Q 50.

How does growing embryo get nutrition from the mother’s blood?