Question:
A diver is able to cut through water in a swimming pool. Which property of matter does this observation show?
Answer:
The forces of attraction among the particles of water hold it together. But these forces are not too strong. The force applied by the diver is enough to overcome these forces of attraction. The observation shows the following properties of matter:
- Intermolecular forces in water are not very strong.
- Particles in liquids can be easily displaced from their original position.
- Liquids show reasonable fluidity.
Matter in Our Surroundings
Q 2.
What do you mean by change in state?
Q 3.
What is SI unit of temperature? Give mathematical relation also.
Q 4.
Why is light not considered matter?
Q 5.
Define transpiration.
Q 6.
What are the differences between boiling and evaporation?
Q 7.
Which of the following are matter?
Chair, Air, Love, Smell, Hate, Almonds, Thought, Cold, Cold drinks, Smell of perfume
Q 8.
Define the term Volatile Liquid.
Q 9.
What is evaporation? Why does evaporation cause cooling?
Q 10.
How matter is classified in terms of physical state?
Q 11.
Which state of matter is most easily compressible?
Q 13.
What do you mean by the following terms:
a. Evaporation
b. Sublimation
c. Condensation
Q 14.
Define Latent Heat of Fusion and Latent Heat of vaporisation.
Q 15.
What do you mean by the term Volume?
Q 16.
Our own bodies contain examples of all three states of matter. Can you identify these?
Q 17.
What are the ways a gas can be liquefied?
Q 18.
How can matter change its state?
Q 19.
List any five physical properties of liquids.
Q 20.
How matter is classified in terms of composition?
Q 21.
Explain compressibility in gases with an example?
Q 22.
Why solids cannot be compressed like gases?
Q 23.
Arrange the following substances in increasing order of intermolecular force of attraction: water, sugar, oxygen
Q 24.
Define evaporation.
Q 25.
What is the physical state of water at the following temperatures? (a) 25 °C (b) 0 °C (c) 100 °C
Q 26.
Why do diffusion become faster at higher temperatures?
Q 27.
The mass per unit volume of a substance is called density (density=mass/volume). Arrange the following in order of increasing density:
Air, Exhaust from chimneys, Honey, Water, Chalk, Cotton and Iron.
Q 28.
Convert the following temperature to Celsius scale: (a) 300 K (b) 573 K
Q 29.
What are the characteristics of matter?
Q 30.
Why does the temperature of a substance remain constant during melting and boiling even when heat is being supplied to it continuously?
Q 31.
In which case evaporation of water will be faster i.e. near the sea or far away from the sea.
Q 32.
Define the following terms:
a. Melting point
b. Freezing point
c. Boiling point
Q 33.
Why does steam cause more severe burns than boiling water, though both are at the same temperature?
Q 34.
How vapour is different from gases? Give examples of each.
Q 35.
Which of the following state does not exist at room temperature conditions: a) Solids b) Liquids c) Gas d) Plasma
Q 36.
Why do gases diffuse rapidly?
Q 37.
Why is ice at 273 K more effective in cooling than water at the same temperature?
Q 38.
What factors affect the rate of evaporation?
Q 39.
Convert the temperature of 573 K to the Celsius scale.
Q 40.
A diver is able to cut through water in a swimming pool. Which property of matter does this observation show?
Q 41.
The Kelvin scale temperature is 0 K. What is the corresponding Celsius scale temperature ?
Q 42.
(a) Define the term 'latent heat of vaporisation' of a liquid. What is the value of the latent heat of vaporisation of water ?
(b) Draw a labelled diagram of the experimental set-up to study the latent heat of vaporisation of water.
Q 43.
Give the usual name for the following :Heat required to change the state of a substance without changing the temperature.
Q 44.
Give reasons to justify: (a) Water at room temperature is a liquid. (b) An iron almirah is solid.
Q 45.
Name the process by which a drop of ink spreads in a beaker of water.
Q 46.
What is the general name of : (a) rigid form of matter ? (b) fluid forms of matter ?
Q 47.
What is meant by saying that the latent heat of vaporisation of water is 22.5 x
Q 48.
Give reasons for the following observations. The smell of hot sizzling food reaches you several meters away, but to get smell from cold food you have to go close.
Q 49.
What is the scientific name of particles which make up matter ?
Q 50.
Convert the temperature of 373°C to the Kelvin scale.
