Which particles constitute the electric current in a metallic conductor ?
Electrons.
(a) How many milliamperes are there in 1 ampere ?
(b) How many microamperes are there in 1 ampere ?
Give two reasons why nichrome alloy is used for making the heating elements of electrical appliances.
Three resistors are connected as shown in the diagram.
Through the resistor 5 ohm, a current of 1 ampere is flowing,
(i) What is the current through the other two resistors ?
(ii) What is the p.d. across AB and across AC ?
(iii) What is the total resistance ?
Name the law which relates the current in a conductor to the potential difference across its ends.
How many electrons are flowing per second past a point in a circuit in which there is a current of 5 amp ?
Keeping the potential difference constant, the resistance of a circuit is halved. By how much does the current change ?
(a) Give two examples of substances which are good conductors of electricity. Why do you think they are
good conductors of electricity ?
Calculate the resistance of a copper wire 1.0 km long and 0.50 mm diameter if the resistivity of copper is 1.7 × 10-8 Ωm.
(a) What do you understand by the term “potential difference” ?
(b) What is meant by saying that the potential difference between two points is 1 volt ?
(c) What is the potential difference between the terminals of a battery if 250 joules of work is required to transfer 20 coulombs of charge from one terminal of battery to the other ?
(d) What is a voltmeter ? How is a voltmeter connected in the circuit to measure the potential difference between two points. Explain with the help of a diagram.
(e) State whether a voltmeter has a high resistance or a low resistance. Give reason for your answer.
The atoms of copper contain electrons and the atoms of rubber also contain electrons. Then why does copper conduct electricity but rubber does not conduct electricity ?
If the length of a wire is doubled by taking more of wire, what happens to its resistance ?
If 3 resistances of 3 ohm each are connected in parallel, what will be their total resistance ?
A battery of 9 V is connected in series with resistors of 0.2 Ω, 0.3 Ω, 0.4 Ω, 0.5 Ω and 12 Ω. How much current would flow through the 12 Ω resistor ?
(a) What is an electric current ? What makes an electric current flow in a wire ?
(b) Define the unit of electric current (or Define ampere).
Keeping the resistance constant, the potential difference applied across the ends of a component is halved. By how much does the current change ?
A current of 5 amperes flows through a wire whose ends are at a potential difference of 3 volts. Calculate the resistance of the wire.
Fill in the following blank with a suitable word :
Ohm’s law states a relation between potential difference and……………………
(a) Define the unit of resistance (or Define the unit “ohm”).
What happens to the resistance as the conductor is made thinner ?
Keeping the potential difference constant, the resistance of a circuit is doubled. By how much does the current change ?
(a) Why do electricians wear rubber hand gloves while working with electricity ?
(b) What p.d. is needed to send a current of 6 A through an electrical appliance having a resistance of 40 Ω ?
The graph between V and 1 for a conductor is a straight line passing through the origin.
Which law is illustrated by such a graph ?
What should remain constant in a statement of this law ?
A current of 200 mA flows through a 4 kΩ resistor. What is the p.d. across the resistor ?
Why are the coils of electric irons and electric toasters made of an alloy rather than a pure metal ?
The electrical resistivities of four materials A, B, C and D are given below :
Which material is : (a) good conductor (b) resistor (c) insulator, and (d) semiconductor ?
How should the two resistances of 2 ohms each be connencted so as to produce an equivalent resistance of 1 ohm ?
How should the two resistances of 2 ohms each be connencted so as to produce an equivalent resistance of 1 ohm ?
(a) Name a device that helps to measure the potential difference across a conductor.
(b) How much energy is transferred by a 12 V power supply to each coulomb of charge which it moves around a circuit ?
Which of the following equation shows the correct relationship between electrical units ?
1 A = 1 C/s or 1 C = 1 A/s
What is an ammeter ? How is it connected in a circuit ? Draw a diagram to illustrate your answer.
Why should the resistance of :
(a) an ammeter be very small ?
(b) a voltmeter be very large ?
The p.d. across a lamp is 12 V. How many joules of electrical energy are changed into heat and light when :
(a) a charge of 1 C passes through it ?
(b) a charge of 5 C passes through it ?
(c) a current of 2 A flows through it for 10 s ?
An electric heater is connected to the 230 V mains supply. A current of 8 A flows through the heater.
(a) How much charge flows around the circuit each second ?
(b) How much energy is transferred to the heater each second ?
What is the general name of the substances having infinitely high electrical resistance ?
Distinguish between good conductors, resistors and insulators. Name two good conductors, two resistors and two insulators.
A p.d. of 10 V is needed to make a current of 0.02 A flow through a wire. What p.d. is needed to make a current of 250 mA flow through the same wire ?
How does the resistance of a conductor depend on :
(a) length of the conductor ?
(b) area of cross-section of the conductor ?
(c) temperature of the conductor ?
(a) Give one example to show how the resistance depends on the nature of material of the conductor.
(b) Calculate the resistance of an aluminium cable of length 10 km and diameter 2.0 mm if the resistivity of aluminium is 2.7 x 10-8Ωm.
How does the resistance of a wire change when :
(i) its length is tripled ?
(ii) its diameter is tripled ?
(in) its material is changed to one whose resistivity is three times ?
Calculate the area of cross-section of a wire if its length is 1.0 m, its resistance is 23 Ω and the resistivity of the material of the wire is 1.84 x 10-6 Ωm.
(a) Define resistivity. Write an expression for the resistivity of a substance. Give the meaning of each symbol
which occurs in it.
(b) State the SI unit of resistivity.
(c) Distinguish between resistance and resistivity.
(d) Name two factors on which the resistivity of a substance depends and two factors on which it does not depend.
(e) The resistance of a metal wire of length 1 m is 26 Ω at 20 °C. If the diameter of the wire is 0.3 mm, what will be the resistivity of the metal at that temperature ?
