Chemistry

The p-Block Elements.

Question:

Assertion (A): If aluminium atoms replace a few silicon atoms in three dimensional network of silicon dioxide, the overall structure acquires a negative charge.
Reason (R): Aluminium is trivalent while silicon is tetravalent.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) Both A and R are not correct.
(d) A is not correct but R is correct.

Answer:

(a) In aluminosilicates (anion), some of the silicon atoms are replaced by aluminium. Since, aluminium is trivalent while silicon is tetravalent, hence we get negatively charged ion.

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The p-Block Elements.

Q 1.

Describe two similarities and two dissimilarities between B and Al.

Q 2.

A certain salt X, gives the following results.
(i) Its aqueous solution is alkaline to litmus.
(ii) It swells up to a glassy material Y on strong heating.
(iii) When cone.H2SO4is added to a hot solution of X, white crystal of an acid Z separates out.

Q 3.

What is the basic building unit of all silicates?

Q 4.

How is excessive content of C02 responsible for global warming?

Q 5.

Give one method for industrial preparation and one for laboratory preparation of CO and C02 each.

Q 6.

Discuss the pattern of variation in the oxidation states of
(i) B to Tl (ii) C to Pb.

Q 7.

Why does borontrifluori.de behave as a Lewis acid?

Q 8.

CO2 is gas while SiO2 is solid at room temperature. Give reason.

Q 9.

Explain why the following compounds behave as Lewis acids?
(i) BC13
(ii) AICI3

Q 10.

The+1 oxidation state in group 13 and +2 oxidation state in group 14 becomes more and more stable with increasing atomic number. Explain.

Q 11.

Explain what happens when boric acid is heated.

Q 12.

Suggest a reason as to why CO is poisonous.

Q 13.

Give reason why boron and aluminium tend to form covalent compounds.

Q 14.

Assertion (A): If aluminium atoms replace a few silicon atoms in three dimensional network of silicon dioxide, the overall structure acquires a negative charge.
Reason (R): Aluminium is trivalent while silicon is tetravalent.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) Both A and R are not correct.
(d) A is not correct but R is correct.

Q 15.

Elements of group 14
(a) exhibit oxidation state of +4 only (b) exhibit oxidation state of +2 and +4
(c) form  M2-and M4+ ion (d) form M2+ and M4+ ions.

Q 16.

What are Fullerenes ? How are they prepared ?

Q 17.

The geometry of a complex species can be understood from the knowledge of type of hybridisation of orbitals of central atom. The hybridisation of orbitals of central atom in [B(OH)4]- and the geometry of the complex are respectively
(a) sp3, tetrahedral
(b) sp3, square planar                                                    
(c) sp3d2, octahedral                                                            
(d) dsp2, square planar

Q 18.

In the structure of diborane
(a) all hydrogen atoms lie in one plane and boron atoms lie in a plane perpendicular to this plane.
(b) 2 boron atoms and 4 terminal hydrogen atoms lie in the same plane and 2 bridging hydrogen atoms lie in the perpendicular plane.
(c) 4 bridging hydrogen atoms and boron atoms lie in one plane and two terminal hydrogen atoms lie in a plane perpendicular to this plane.
(d) all the atoms are in the same plane.

Q 19.

What is dry ice? Why is it so called?

Q 20.

Out of CCl4 and SiCl4 which one react with water and why?

Q 21.

What is meant by catenation? Why does ‘C show the property of catenation to maximum extent?

Q 22.

Give reasons:
(a) Why do Boron halides form addition compound with NH3?
(b) The tendency for catenation decreases down the group in Group 14.
(c) PbO2 is a stronger oxidising agent than SnO2.

Q 23.

How is boron obtained from borax? Give chemical equations with reaction conditions.

Q 24.

What are electron deficient compounds? Are BCl3 and SiCl4 electron deficient species? Explain.

Q 25.

Write the resonance structure of CO32- and HCO3  .

Q 26.

What happens when boric acid is heated?

Q 27.

Mention the state of hybridisation of B in BH4.

Q 28.

Give the chemical reactions as an evidence for each of the following observations.
(i) Tin (II) is a reducing agent whereas lead (II) is not.
(ii) Gallium (I) undergoes disproportionation reaction.

Q 29.

What happens when
(i) Quick lime is heated with coke?
(ii) Carbon monoxide reacts with Cl2?

Q 30.

(a) Why do Boron halides form addition compound with NH3?
(b) Assign appropriate reason for each of the following observations:-
(i) Anhydrous AlCl3 is used as a catalyst in many organic reactions.
(ii) No form of elemental silicon is comparable to graphite.

Q 31.

Catenation, i.e., linking •of similar atoms depends on size and electronic  configuration of atoms. The tendency of catenation in Group 14 elements  follows the order
(a) C > Si > Ge > Sn
(b) C » Si > Ge = Sn
(c) Si > C > Sn > Ge
(d) Ge > Sn > Si > C

Q 32.

A compound X, of boron reacts with NH3 on heating to give another compound Y which is called inorganic benzene. The compound X can be prepared by treating BF3 with lithium aluminium hydride. The compounds X and Y are represented by the formulas.
(a) B2H6,B3N3H6
(b) B203, B3N3H6
(c) BF3, B3N3H6
(d) B3N3H6 , B2H6

Q 33.

The linear shape of C02 is due to  ______ .
(a) sp3 hybridisation of carbon
(b) sp hybridisation of carbon
(c) pπ-pπ bonding between carbon and oxygen
(d) sp2 hybridisation of carbon

Q 34.

Which of the following statements are correct?
(a) Fullerenes have dangling bonds.
(b) Fullerenes are cage-like molecules.
(c) Graphite is thermodynamically most stable allotrope of carbon.
(d) Graphite is slippery and hard and therefore used as a dry lubricant in

Q 35.

Assertion (A): Silicones are water repelling in nature.
Reason (R): Silicones are organosilicon polymers, which have (-R2SiO-) as repeating unit.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) Both A and R are not correct. ‘
(d) A is not correct but R is correct.

Q 36.

Explain why is there a phenomenal decrease in ionization enthalpy from carbon to silicon.

Q 37.

How would you explain the lower atomic radius of Ga as compared to Al?

Q 38.

Why does boron form stable electron deficient compounds?

Q 39.

Why do boron halides form addition compounds with NH3?

Q 40.

What is producer gas ?

Q 41.

Boric acid is an acid because its molecule
(a) contains replaceable H+   ion
(b) gives up a proton.
(c)accepts OHfrom water releasing proton.
(d) combines with proton from water molecule.

Q 42.

Ionisation enthalpy (∆ tH1 kJ mol-1) for the elements of Group 13 follows the order.
(a) B > A1 > Ga > In > T1
(b) B < A1 < Ga< In (c) B < A1 > Ga < In < T1                                        
(d) B > A1 < Ga > In < T1

Q 43.

The reason for small radius of Ga compared to Al is_________ .
(a) poor screening effect of d and f orbitals
(b) increase in nuclear charge
(c) presence of higher orbitals
(d) higher atomic number

Q 44.

Match the species given in Column I with properties given in Column II.

Column I Column II
(i) Diborane (a) Used as a flux for soldering metals
(ii) Gallium                                         ‘ (b) Crystalline form of silica
(iii) Borax (c) Banana bonds
(iv) Aluminosilicate (d) Low melting, high boiling, useful for measuring high temperatures
(v) Quartz (e) Used as catalyst in petrochemical industries

 

Q 45.

Aluminium trifluoride is insoluble in anhydrous HF but dissolves on addition of NaF. Aluminium trifluoride precipitates out of the resulting solution when gaseous BF3 is bubbled through. Give reason.

Q 46.

What happens when
(a) Borax is heated strongly
(b) Boric acid is added to water
(c) Aluminium is treated with dilute NaOH
(d) BF3 is reacted with ammonia?

Q 47.

Explain the following reactions.
(a) Silicon is heated with methyl chloride at high temperature in the presence of copper.
(b) Silicon dioxide is treated with hydrogen fluoride.
(c) CO is heated with ZnO.
(d) Hydrated alumina is treated with aqueous NaOH solution.

Q 48.

Boric acid is polymeric due to
(a) its acidic nature (b) the presence of hydrogen bonds
(c) its monobasic nature (d) its geometry

Q 49.

The type of hybridisation of boron in diborane is
(a) sp (b) sp2(c) sp3(d) dsp2

Q 50.

Write the state of hybridisation of’B’ in BF3.