"Federations are contrasted with unitary governments". Explain by giving examples from Sri Lanka and Belgium.
Under the unitary system, either there is only one level of government or the sub-units are subordinate to the Central government. The Central government can pass on orders to the provincial or the Local government. For example in Sri Lanka is a unitary country and the Union government passed a new law stipulating that the state shall protect and foster Buddhism. Whereas under federal system, the Central government cannot order the State government to do something. State government has powers of its own for which ‘ it i’s not answerable to the Central government. Both these governments are separately answerable to the people.
Categorise the following under Union list or Concurrent list.
(i) Currency (ii) Education
Mention any four difficulties of the local government in India. [CBSE Comp. (O) 2008, Sept. 2010, 14]
Mention any two subjects which are r included in the union list. Explain by giving reasons why these are included in the union list.
Which law will remain prevalent if there is any conflict over a subject mentioned in the Concurrent list?
Mention any four features of federalism. [CBSE 2008, 2009 (O), Sept. 2010, 2011, 2012]
Or
Explain four features of the federal form of government. [CBSE 2008 Comp. (O) (D)]
There are two kinds of routes through which federations have been formed.' Name the two routes by giving one example of each.
The sharing of power between the Union government and the state governments is basic to the structure of the Indian Constitution'. Explain.
Explain the major key features of federalism.
Or
Describe any four features of the federalism. [CBSE 2011, 14]
Restructuring the Centre-State relations is an important way in which the Indian Federalism has been strengthened in practice.' Explain.
Why were the linguistic states created? What are their advantages ? [CBSE 2008 (Compt)]
Point out one feature in the practice of federalism in India that is similar to any one feature that is different from that of Belgium.
How is the Indian federal system different from that of Sri Lanka ? Explain by giving three examples.
"Federal power sharing is more effective today than it was in the early years after the Constitution came into force". Explain.
Or
How is federal power sharing more effective today than in the early years ? Explain.
Explain how the federal experiment has been successful in the matter of formation of states in India. [CBSE 2011]
Explain two achievements and two difficulties of the Icoal self-governments in India. [CBSE Comp. (O) 2008, Sept. 2011, 14]
What is the rationale for decentralization of power ? Describe the functions of Rural Local Government. [CBSE 2013]
"Belgium shifted from a unitary to a federal form of government". What key changes were brought in the political system under the above mentioned shift ?
"The creation of linguistic states was the first and major test for democratic politics in our country."Justify this statement. [CBSE 2011, 14]
Explain the advantages of decentrali ¬sation. [CBSE Sept. 2010, 14]
Or .
Explain any four features of the third tier of government. [CBSE Sept. 2011]
Or
Explain how the federal experiment has been successful in the matter of formation of states in India. [CBSE Sept. 2010]
Or
Give two arguments in favour of decentralisation of powers to local governments. Give two provisions under the amendment of 1992 which empowers local governments in India. [CBSE Sept. 2011]
OR
Assess the need for local government. [CBSE 2012, 14]